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Discussion dans 'Partage Comptes Gratuit' créé par kritikw0w, 1 Novembre 2018.

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Merci bcp gros pour les comptes vraiment merci gros merci gros

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OAygdigyvd iuhbdiuybe iuybzdkbd uhbzdkhbdekhgbdk khazbdkhbd :kjdnjbdhjbadjn

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ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok ok

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Merci pour votre retour et vous

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merci pour les comptes frere t'es au top

blazer0515, 14 Avril 2021
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Vous devez d'abord répondre au sujet pour pouvoir consulter les données cachées contenues ici.

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Je vais essayer pour voir si ca fonctionne vraiment mais j'en doute!

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Djdjejdi mzl est pas grave tkt gt je suis malade je vais pas

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Merci beaucoup pour la y'a pas de la Commission de consolidation des

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Ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce ce

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Merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci merci

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kritikw0w a dit: ↑
Below I've posted 500 Roblox accounts with capture.
Accounts are working as of 31/10/18

The type of insurance everyone needs to know about.
In case you are always worried about different aspects of life, and there are always thoughts that you should get insurance for yourself. But, there is no doubt it is a difficult decision especially when you are not aware of the different insurance policies and types. Whenever you are going for an insurance policy you should first get proper research done in this regard. Let us explain a few types of insurance in this piece of writing that it is easy for you to choose and make a decision. The types of insurance are as follows:
General Insurance:
In general insurance, one can include property insurance, any other form of insurance along with liability insurance. Whereas the Fire and Marine insurance are the ones that fall in the category of Property insurance. There are other types of insurance that you can get such as Motor, Theft, and Machine insurances are dealt with under the umbrella of liability insurance to an extent. If we talk about the strictest form of liability insurance then it is the fidelity insurance, in case of liability insurance, the insurer pays on the behalf of the insured, the insured is compensated whenever there is a liability on him such as payment to a third party.
Liability Insurance:
As we have mentioned above that the liability insurance is the general insurance, where you have this guarantee that the insurer will be paying the damages or compensation on your behalf to a third party, in case you have cause any damage to a property, loss, injury or death. There are some other types of insurance that fall under this category and which are fidelity insurance, machine insurance, and automobile insurance.
Social Insurance:
This is one of the insurance policies that are specially designed for providing protection to the weaker sections of the society, the ones who are not able to pay the premium amounts for the adequate insurance policies, pension plans, any other benefits such as the disability, unemployment benefits.
Guarantee Insurance:
This type of insurance policy covers the loss that takes place due to dishonesty, disloyalty, and disappearance of the second party or of the employees. The party who is involved in this type of insurance must be the party to a contract. The failure of a party can cause loss to the first party. This type of insurance can be explained with the help of an illustration. Let’s take an example of export insurance, in case of such insurance the insurer will be compensating you for the loss at the failure of importers, for instance, they failed to pay the amount of debt.
Top Life Insurance Companies in India 2020
By buying a life insurance policy, the insurance company promises you to pay the sum assured as claim amount, in the event of the death of the insured within the policy term or at the maturity of the policy (whichever occurs earlier). For life insurance policies that offer pure risk cover such as term insurance plan, your family will receive the life cover amount. For other life insurance policies like an endowment, money back, lips, etc., you will receive the life cover amount or maturity benefit, depends on the earlier occurrence of the event.
When it comes to the settlement of death claims, the members of your family or nominee will have to approach the insurance company and intimate them about your death and provide them the duly filled death claim form. In order to ensure smooth and quick claims settlement, you need to check the Claim Settlement Ratio (CSR) of life insurance companies.
Top 10 Life Insurance Companies in 2020
The top life insurance companies mentioned below are based on the claim settlement ratio of the respective companies.
1. Max Life Insurance
Max Life Insurance is a joint venture of Max financial services Ltd. and Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Co. Ltd. Max Life Insurance Company offers comprehensive life insurance solutions to meet the long-term savings and protection to over 30 Lakh customers. It has a diversified distribution model, including agents, advisors, bancassurance, and other allied partners. Max Life has the highest claim settlement ratio of 98.74% in FY 2018-19.
2. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)
Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) is the only public sector life insurance company offering a variety of life insurance products such as insurance plans, pension plans, unit-linked plans, special plans, and group schemes. LIC has secured over 250 million lives with its varying life insurance solutions. It has a claim settlement ratio of 97.79% in FY 2018-19.
3. Tata AIA Life
Tata AIA Life Insurance Company is a joint venture of Tata Group and AIA Group Ltd. The company commenced its insurance business in the year 2001 and since then, it is offering life insurance products such as protection, savings, and wealth solutions to individuals and corporate customers. Tata AIA has a wide distribution channel including agents, brokers, bancassurance, and direct channels. Tata AIA Life has a claim settlement ratio of 99.07% in FY 2018-19.
4. ICICI Prudential Life
ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company is a joint venture between ICICI Bank and Prudential plc. ICICI Bank has 74% stakeholding and Prudential Plc holds a 26% stake in the joint venture. ICICI Prudential Life Insurance offers a wide range of products such as terms, health, ULIP, savings, and retirement plans to cater to the insurance needs of the customers. ICICI Prudential Life has a claim settlement ratio of 98.58% in FY 2018-19.
5. HDFC Life
HDFC Life Insurance Company is a result of a joint venture between Housing Development Finance Corporation Ltd and Standard Life plc. HDFC ltd owns 70.65% shareholding and the remaining 26% of shares are held by Standard Life. HDFC Life offers a range of life insurance products including term insurance, health cover, pension, child plans, saving, and investment plans. HDFC Life has a claim settlement ratio of 99.04% in FY 2018-19.
6. Bharti AXA Life
Bharti AXA Life Insurance is a joint venture between Bharti Group (India’s leading business group) and AXA Group (leader in insurance, investment & other financial services). Bharti holds 51% shareholding and AXA owns a 49% stake. Bharti AXA Life offers an innovative range of insurance products including protection plans, health, savings, investment plans, and many others. Bharti AXA Life has a claim settlement ratio of 97.28% in FY 2018-19.
7. Exide Life
Exide Life Insurance Company started the insurance business in the year 2001-02. The company is completely owned by Exide Industries Limited. Exide Life has multiple channels to distribute its insurance products via agents, brokers, bancassurance, direct channel, and online. The company has 200+ offices across the country along with 45,000+ advisors ensuring a wide reach to the customers. Exide Life has a claim settlement ratio of 97.03% in FY 2018-19.
8. SBI Life
SBI Life is a result of a joint venture between State Bank of India (largest banker in India) and BNP Paribas Cardiff (a leading global insurer). SBI holds the majority stake of 74% and PNB Paribas owns a 26% stake. SBI Life offers a multitude of individual and group insurance plans including protection, money back, child, investment, retirement, and savings plans. SBI Life has a claim settlement ratio of 95.o3% in FY 2018-19.
9. Pramerica Life
Pramerica Life Insurance Company comes into existence with a joint venture between Prudential International Insurance Holdings Ltd (a fully owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial). DPLI has 144 branches across India, 3143 employees, 4710.574 Crores Asset under Management, and more than 20 million lives secured as on 31st August 2019. Pramerica Life has a claim settlement ratio of 96.80% in FY 2018-19.
10. Aditya Birla Sun Life
Aditya Birla Sun Life Insurance Company is a joint venture between Aditya Birla Group (a multinational conglomerate) and Sun Life Financial Inc (a renowned Canada-based international financial services company). The company commenced its insurance business in the year 2000. Aditya Birla Sun Life offers protection, wealth with protection, health, child cover, retirement, and savings plans. Aditya Birla Sun Life has a claim settlement ratio of 97.15% in FY 2018-19.
Note: The insurance companies mentioned above are based on the high claim settlement ratio extracted from IRDAI Annual Report for FY 2018-19. to know all Life Insurance companies claim settlement Ratio for FY 2018-19
Top 10 Health Insurance Companies in India 2020
In order to guide customers while buying health insurance, the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) has been coming out with a list of best health companies every year. Both General Insurers (private and public) and Specialized Health Insurance companies are authorized to offer health plans to the customers. Based on the performances with regards to companies’ Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) and their overall financial standing, the top 10 Health Insurance Companies of India are as follows:
1. HDFC ERGO Health Insurance Limited
HDFC ERGO Health Insurance Limited (formerly, Apollo Munich Health Insurance) is a Joint Venture of HDFC Ltd and ERGO International AG. It has an impressive Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 63% for the financial year 2018-19, and it has brought innovations like lifetime renewals and portability benefits of the existing policies.
2. Star Health & Allied Insurance Company Limited
Star Health & Allied Insurance Company is a joint venture between Oman Health Insurance Company, ETA Ascon Group and a few veterans of the country boasts of an Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 63% for FY 2018-19. The company has an in-house TPA to deal with cashless facility seamlessly while also coming up with exciting products like Diabetes Safe (for diabetic patients) and Star NetPlus (for HIV+ patients).
3. Max Bupa Health Insurance Company Limited
Max Bupa Health Insurance Company is a joint venture between Max India Limited and Bupa Group brought into existence in 2010. The latest ICR for this health care company stands at 54% for FY 2018-19 and offers enrollment to its policies for citizens of all age groups.
4. SBI General Insurance Company Limited
SBI General Insurance Co. Ltd comes with a joint venture of State Bank of India and Insurance Australia Group (IAG). SBI General has a wide presence in over 23,000 branches of State Bank Group. It covers over 110 cities across India along with over 350 locations through satellite resources. It has an Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 72% for FY 2018-19.
5. Religare Health Insurance Company Limited
Religare Health Insurance Company is a joint venture between Religare Enterprises Limited, Union Bank of India, and Corporation Bank that was launched in 2012. However, in a short period of time, it has shown tremendous growth and made a mark in the insurance sector with an Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 55% for FY 2018-19. It is being promoted by the founders of Fortis Hospitals.
6. ManipalCigna Health Insurance Company Limited
Manipal Cigna Health Insurance Company is a comparatively new player in the Indian insurance sector being launched only in 2014 and has immediately become part of the best health insurance companies in India. It’s Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) for 2018-19 stands at an impressive figure of 62% that is a no mean feat considering it’s so new to the market.
7. Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Limited
Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company is a joint venture between Bajaj Finserv Limited and Allianz SE has some health products up its sleeve. The three major products are Health Guard, Silver Health, and Star Package. Bajaj has the distinction of being the first company to provide captive TPA with certain efficiencies. Its Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) is 69% for 2018-19.
8. New India Assurance Company Limited
New India Assurance Company is a fully owned company by the government of India has been in operations since 1919 and is most famous for its Mediclaim policy. The most unique feature of this health insurance policy is that it provides a differential rating for major metros in comparison to other locations. The latest Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) for FY 2018-19 is 95.39% that might be on the higher side, but it covers up for any losses or deficiencies from other insurance products.
9. Oriental Insurance Company Limited
Oriental Insurance Company is a public sector general insurance company that offers a number of health insurance products. The best part about this insurer is that it doesn’t require a medical examination of the prospective customers up to the age of 60 years, while other companies press for medical examinations for everyone over 45 years of age. Its Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) stands at 106.10% as per IRDAI annual report for FY 2018-19.
10. National Insurance Company Limited
National Insurance Company is a fully government-owned general insurance company that is more than 100 years old and also provides health insurance coverage. Its Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) is 109.94% for 2018-19, but it covers up its losses with other insurance products in various other categories. The most popular health product offered by the company is Varishtha Mediclaim for senior citizens.
Hope this information was useful for you. Find out about various plans being offered by these General insurance companies in India and buy a health insurance policy for you and your family, now!
Note: Latest IRDA Incurred Claims Ratio for FY 2018-19 of General Insurance Companies in India.
What Is Insurance?
Insurance is a contract, represented by a policy, in which an individual or entity receives financial protection or reimbursement against losses from an insurance company. The company pools clients' risks to make payments more affordable for the insured.

Insurance policies are used to hedge against the risk of financial losses, both big and small, that may result from damage to the insured or her property, or from liability for damage or injury caused to a third party.
How Insurance Works
There is a multitude of different types of insurance policies available, and virtually any individual or business can find an insurance company willing to insure them—for a price. The most common types of personal insurance policies are auto, health, homeowners, and life. Most individuals in the United States have at least one of these types of insurance, and car insurance is required by law.

Businesses require special types of insurance policies that insure against specific types of risks faced by a particular business. For example, a fast-food restaurant needs a policy that covers damage or injury that occurs as a result of cooking with a deep fryer. An auto dealer is not subject to this type of risk but does require coverage for damage or injury that could occur during test drives.

There are also insurance policies available for very specific needs, such as kidnap and ransom (K&R), medical malpractice, and professional liability insurance, also known as errors and omissions insurance.
Insurance Policy Components
When choosing a policy, it is important to understand how insurance works.

A firm understanding of these concepts goes a long way in helping you choose the policy that best suits your needs. There are three components (premium, policy limit, and deductible) to most insurance policies that are crucial.

Premium
A policy's premium is its price, typically expressed as a monthly cost. The premium is determined by the insurer based on your or your business's risk profile, which may include creditworthiness.

For example, if you own several expensive automobiles and have a history of reckless driving, you will likely pay more for an auto policy than someone with a single mid-range sedan and a perfect driving record. However, different insurers may charge different premiums for similar policies. So finding the price that is right for you requires some legwork.

Policy Limit
The policy limit is the maximum amount an insurer will pay under a policy for a covered loss. Maximums may be set per period (e.g., annual or policy term), per loss or injury, or over the life of the policy, also known as the lifetime maximum.

Typically, higher limits carry higher premiums. For a general life insurance policy, the maximum amount the insurer will pay is referred to as the face value, which is the amount paid to a beneficiary upon the death of the insured.

Deductible
The deductible is a specific amount the policy-holder must pay out-of-pocket before the insurer pays a claim. Deductibles serve as deterrents to large volumes of small and insignificant claims.

Deductibles can apply per-policy or per-claim depending on the insurer and the type of policy. Policies with very high deductibles are typically less expensive because the high out-of-pocket expense generally results in fewer small claims.

Special Considerations
With regard to health insurance, people who have chronic health issues or need regular medical attention should look for policies with lower deductibles.

Though the annual premium is higher than a comparable policy with a higher deductible, less expensive access to medical care throughout the year may be worth the trade-off.
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What are the principal types of life insurance?
There are two major types of life insurance—term and whole life. Whole life is sometimes called permanent life insurance, and it encompasses several subcategories, including traditional whole life, universal life, variable life, and variable universal life. In 2016, about 4.3 million individual life insurance policies bought were term and about 6.4 million were whole life, according to the American Council of Life Insurers.

Life insurance products for groups are different from life insurance sold to individuals. The information below focuses on life insurance sold to individuals.

Term
Term Insurance is the simplest form of life insurance. It pays only if death occurs during the term of the policy, which is usually from one to 30 years. Most term policies have no other benefit provisions.

There are two basic types of term life insurance policies: level term and decreasing term.

Level term means that the death benefit stays the same throughout the duration of the policy.
Decreasing term means that the death benefit drops, usually in one-year increments, over the course of the policy’s term.
In 2003, virtually all (97 percent) of the term life insurance bought was level term.

For more on the different types of term life insurance, click here.

Whole life/permanent
Whole life or permanent insurance pays a death benefit whenever you die—even if you live to 100! There are three major types of whole life or permanent life insurance—traditional whole life, universal life, and variable universal life, and there are variations within each type.

In the case of traditional whole life, both the death benefit and the premium are designed to stay the same (level) throughout the life of the policy. The cost per $1,000 of benefit increases as the insured person ages, and it obviously gets very high when the insured lives to 80 and beyond. The insurance company could charge a premium that increases each year, but that would make it very hard for most people to afford life insurance at advanced ages. So the company keeps the premium level by charging a premium that, in the early years, is higher than what’s needed to pay claims, investing that money, and then using it to supplement the level premium to help pay the cost of life insurance for older people.

By law, when these “overpayments” reach a certain amount, they must be available to the policyholder as a cash value if he or she decides not to continue with the original plan. The cash value is an alternative, not an additional, benefit under the policy.

In the 1970s and 1980s, life insurance companies introduced two variations on the traditional whole life product—universal life insurance and variable universal life insurance. For more on the different types of whole life/permanent insurance, click here.
How to choose the best life insurance company for you
Though we have done thorough research for you, we recommend doing your own research to select a life insurance company that is best suited for your individual needs. Here are some things to look for when choosing the best life insurance company for you:

Ask for recommendations: Often, the best reference is word of mouth. Ask your friends and family for recommendations on the top life insurance companies they have had positive experiences with.
Look at customer satisfaction ratings: You can visit the J.D. Power website to review its customer satisfaction ratings for life insurance companies. Companies will be ranked based on their overall score and then given a Power Circle Rating between 2 and 5 circles. We recommend looking at those who received Power Circle Ratings of 3-5.
Look at financial stability: We recommend looking at a company’s financial stability. You can do this on the AM Best website. However, some companies, like MetLife, are not rated there. MetLife was rated by a different agency, Demotech, and received a great financial stability rating. A company with inferior financial stability may leave you high and dry when it comes time to pay out claims. It is important to have the assurance of strong financial stability.
Look at customer reviews: We used Consumer Affairs and the Better Business Bureau, but there are other sites available that will include customer reviews. We recommend ignoring the outlier reviews and focusing on the average. What did the average person say about the company you’re considering? Are the things they complained about things that are important to you? For example, if someone made a complaint that the company does not offer a mobile app but a mobile app isn’t important to you, do not consider that review in your assessment.
Get life insurance quotes: Always compare prices so you know if what you’ve found is the best life insurance policy at a competitive price. We recommend getting at least three quotes from different life insurance companies before making your final choice.
Ask questions: When in doubt, ask the insurance agent. Do not hesitate to ask detailed questions about the coverage you’ve been quoted. It will be important to you and to your agent that you thoroughly understand your coverage and obligations.
BRK.A, PNGAY, and AXAHY lead the 10 biggest insurance companies list
Insurance companies provide risk management to individuals, businesses, and institutional clients through contracts. Although there is a multitude of different types of insurance companies, the basic principle is that the insurer guarantees payment or reimbursement in the event of losses for the insured. Thanks to pooled risk, insurers historically have been able to offer clients affordable rates in many cases. Insurance companies offer policies offering coverage for losses related to accidents, health, property, homeownership, professional liability, malpractice, and casualty, among other areas.
These are the 10 biggest insurance companies by 12-month trailing revenue. This list is limited to companies that are publicly traded in the U.S. or Canada, either directly or through ADRs. Some companies outside the U.S. report profits semi-annually instead of quarterly, so the 12-month trailing data may be older than it is for companies that report quarterly. Data is courtesy of YCharts.com. All figures as of August 3, 2020.
Some of the stocks below are only traded over-the-counter (OTC) in the U.S., not on exchanges. Trading OTC stocks often carry higher trading costs than trading stocks on exchanges. This can lower or even outweigh potential returns.

#1 Berkshire Hathaway (BRK.A) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $237.2 billion
Net Income (TTM): $10.0 billion
Market Cap: $475.7 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -4.9%
Exchange: New York Stock Exchange
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. is a major conglomerate and one of the nation's premier insurance companies, also owning businesses in sectors such as rail transportation, utilities and energy, manufacturing, services, and retailing. Berkshire provides primary insurance, as well as reinsurance of property and casualty risks through companies such as GEICO, Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group, Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group, General Re, National Indemnity Company and others. Berkshire Hathaway Specialty Insurance (www.bhspecialty.com) provides commercial property, casualty, healthcare professional liability, executive and professional lines, surety, travel, programs, medical stop-loss, and homeowners insurance.

#2 Ping An Insurance (Group) Co. of China Ltd. (PNGAY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $144.8 billion
Net Income (TTM): $18.7 billion
Market Cap: $194.0 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -7.5%
Exchange: OTC
Ping An Insurance is involved primarily in insurance, financial services, and banking. It is one of the top 50 companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. Founded in 1988, it was China's first joint-stock insurance company. Its subsidiaries include Ping An Life, Ping An Property & Casualty, Ping An Annuity, and Ping An Health, among many others. Ping An routinely partners with major insurance companies in the United States as a reinsurer to ensure US companies' business globally. In this service line, Ping An covers losses occurring in China or on a global basis, including losses in the United States.

#3 AXA SA (AXAHY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $139.5 billion
Net Income (TTM): $4.3 billion
Market Cap: $48.2 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -17.2%
Exchange: OTC
AXA is one of the world's leading insurance groups with major businesses in property and casualty insurance, life insurance, savings, and asset management. Several insurance companies merged to create AXA in the 1990s. It does business in all major global markets. The Personal Health plan by Axa includes a number of benefits as standard, with the option to add a further cover to enhance your health insurance policy, including the out-patient cover. Axa's standard health insurance policy covers Heart and cancer care, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. ... Out-patient surgery.
#4 China Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (LFC) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $105.6 billion
Net Income (TTM): $8.4 billion
Market Cap: $64.9 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -6.3%
Exchange: New York Stock Exchange
China Life Insurance is one of the mainland's largest state-owned insurance and financial services companies, as well as a key player in the Chinese capital market as an institutional investor. The company was founded in 1949, the year that the People's Republic of China was founded. The company today has numerous subsidiaries spread across life insurance, pension plans, asset management, property and casualty, and investment holdings. China Life Insurance Company Limited is a Beijing-based China-incorporated company that provides life insurance and annuity products. China Life is ranked No. 94 on Fortune 2015 Global 500 Company list. China Life, which is 70% state-owned, is the biggest life insurer in China but is coming off a few rocky years.
#5 Allianz SE (ALLIANZ) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $101.2 billion
Net Income (TTM): $8.2 billion
Market Cap: $85.9 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -13.4%
Exchange: OTC
Allianz is a leading global financial services company, providing products and services from insurance to asset management. It offers insurance products ranging from property and casualty policies to health and life insurance for corporate and individual customers. The company is headquartered in Germany. Allianz is a good company that pays as outlined. Allianz has been good to me for more than 5 years. My money is safe from market losses and I really like the growth, bonuses, and income benefits. I've never paid a fee or had an issue with access to my money or information.
Top 50 Insurance Companies
Below are the top 50 insurance companies and best insurance companies in the United States ranked by total assets. Metlife is the largest insurer in the U.S. based on assets and direct premiums written. The company offers a wide array of insurance products and services including life and health insurance, accident insurance, auto insurance, home insurance as well as annuities and retirement and savings products. Prudential, based in Newark, is the second-largest insurance company in America with total assets of $812.6 billion, $3.7 trillion of gross life insurance in force, and more than 49,000 employees.

#6 Prudential PLC (PUK) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $93.7 billion
Net Income (TTM): $0.8 billion
Market Cap: $37.8 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -17.2%
Exchange: New York Stock Exchange
Prudential PLC is a London-based insurance and investment services company offering products ranging from life, health, accident, property, and casualty policies to pensions, equity plans, mortgages, and other financial services. Prudential also caters to customers in all major global markets, including in the U.K., its home market. Prudential has operations in the United States, Asia, Europe, and Latin America and has organized its principal operations into the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business. Prudential is composed of hundreds of subsidiaries and holds more than $4 trillion of life insurance.

#7 Aviva PLC (AVVIY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $90.6 billion
Net Income (TTM): $3.3 billion
Market Cap: $13.8 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -27.1%
Exchange: OTC
U.K.-based Aviva PLC is an international insurance company offering transport, aviation, marine, fire, motor, and life insurance products, as well as a range of financial services. Its UK Life business and General Insurance business are leaders in their home market in the U.K. However, on Aviva's website there are over 800 reviews rating AvivaPlus at 4.7 out of 5. On Feefo the company as a whole has an average score of 4.6 from more than 2,750 reviews. On Trustpilot, it scores 1.3 out of 10 based on over 850 reviews. What does Aviva Car Insurance cover? Our car insurance covers you against the cost of accidents and damage. You can choose from our comprehensive or third party, fire, and theft insurance.
#8 Assicurazioni Generali (ARZGY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $86.9 billion
Net Income (TTM): $1.8 billion
Market Cap: $24.9 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -12.7%
Exchange: OTC
Headquartered in Italy, Assicurazioni Generali is an international insurance provider. The company offers a variety of life, non-life, and reinsurance products. While a large portion of Assicurazioni Generali's business is in Europe, it has a growing presence in Asia and Latin America. Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A. or simply Generali Group is an Italian insurance company, the largest in Italy and third in the world. It has its headquarters in Trieste. In 2010, the Assicurazioni Generali Group was the second-largest insurance group in the world by revenue after AXA.

#9 Legal & General Group PLC (LGGNY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $85.9 billion
Net Income (TTM): $2.4 billion
Market Cap: $16.8 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -4.0%
Exchange: OTC
Legal & General Group is a London-based financial service and the insurance company. With a worldwide customer base, the company provides a range of asset management, retirement, savings, and general insurance products. Legal & General life insurance summary In 2019, Legal & General paid out 97% of life insurance claims and 92% of critical illness claims. Life insurance automatically includes Terminal Illness cover, while Critical Illness cover can be added for an additional cost.
#10 The People's Insurance Co. (Group) of China Ltd. (PINXY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $76.4 billion
Net Income (TTM): $3.2 billion
Market Cap: $14.7 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -17.7%
Exchange: OTC
With the Chinese central government as its controlling shareholder, The People's Insurance Co. operates a number of subsidiaries that provide property, life, pension, and health insurance products, as well as reinsurance and various other offerings. The company also offers asset management services. The People's Insurance Company of China Limited, known as PICC Group or just PICC, is a Chinese listed insurer. The Chinese Central Government is the controlling shareholder. The group contains the major subsidiaries: PICC Asset Management, PICC Life as well as PICC Property and Casualty.
Life insurance In Australia
Life covers and chooses your option. This is only a summary. To take a combination of terms, conditions, limitations, definitions, exclusions, waiting periods, exclusion periods, and covers, please see the Product Disclosure Statement.
Life cover Insurance Details
Life cover is also known as life insurance or death cover. It is a way to protect your family's financial future. $ 1.5 million covers depending on your age $ 15,000 funeral advancement included within the cover 2 people insured on the same policy Diagnoses terminal illness where death is likely within 12 months 10. Profit increases every year to stay ahead of inflation. The Critical Illness Cover is also known as the Trauma Cover and pays a lump sum 5 benefits if Life Insurance suffers one of the defined Critical Illness events 5 *. $ 500,000 cover depending on your age Cover for 14 critical illnesses as defined 5 Profit increases every year to stay ahead of inflation.
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Unable to cover work permanently and also known as Total Disability (TPD) cover *. $ 1.5 million covers depending on your age Lump-sum payment if you are unlikely to work again due to illness or injury 6 Profit increases every year to stay ahead of inflation
What is Life insurance?
Life Insurance is a contract, represented by a policy, in which an individual or institution receives financial protection or reimbursement against losses from the insurance company. The company controls customer risks to make payments more affordable for insureds. Life Insurance policies are used against the risk of financial loss, both large and small, which may result in damage to the insured or his property, or from liability for damage or injury to a third party.
How insurance work
There is a multitude of different types of insurance policies available, and virtually any person or business can set out to find an insurance company - for a price. The most common types of personal insurance policies are auto, health, homeowners, and life. Most individuals in the United States have at least one type of insurance, and car insurance is required by law.
Insurance is a contract in which one insurer condemns another against losses from specific contingencies and/or hazards. There are many types of insurance policies. The most common forms of life, health, homeownership, and auto insurance are. The main components that make up most insurance policies are deductible, policy limit, and premium.

Businesses require special types of insurance policies, which insure specific types of risks faced by a particular business. For example, fast-food restaurants require a policy that covers damage or injury resulting from cooking with a deep fryer. An auto dealer is not subject to this type of risk but requires coverage for damage or injury that may occur during a test drive.
Cashback plans are much the same as auto insurance price quotes enrichment plans with just a solitary contrast that the payout can be stumbled with the approach term period. In this, some parts will come back to the guaranteed on an ideal opportunity to time premise according to the approach residency. If there should arise an occurrence of death full whole, the guaranteed sum will be paid out. It additionally incorporates a reward. In view of these extra highlights, the premiums of this arrangement are higher than the typical disaster protection plans on the web.
Disaster protection Riders
Riders are the extra highlights of any auto insurance price quotes protection plan that gives extra monetary inclusion to the policyholder. Riders are the advancements of the protection business that points in redoing the protection plans to the degree which is conceivable while keeping a standard base arrangement accessible. Essentially, riders give additional hazard assurance; thus the guaranteed needs auto insurance price quotes to pay an additional premium for it. Generally, the riders are purchased alongside the base protection plan and can't be included later. The riders are discretionary, it gives unadulterated hazard inclusion and that is the reason they don't have any sparing and venture components.
Famous life coverage Riders are:-
Basic Illness Rider:- Major basic ailments are secured under the approach, for example, malignant growth, the disappointment of kidneys, cardiovascular failure, trance-like state, loss of motion, and so on. Make a point to experience the ailments secured as various organizations offer various sicknesses spread. Inadvertent Death Benefit Rider:- If the policyholder kicks the bucket in a mishap, this rider advantage alongside the aggregate guaranteed Clinic Cash Rider:- During hospitalization, a fixed aggregate of cash is payable on the per-day reason for cost charges of the medical clinic. The base and most extreme aggregate guaranteed advantage sum alongside the conditions of the strategy may change from guarantor to back up plan.
How To Choose The Best Life Insurance Policy?
Since there are different plans offered by the disaster protection organizations with numerous advantages, it is extremely confounding to choose the best arrangement from various choices to bamboozle the inclusion at a reasonable premium. Here are a portion of the focuses to recall while wanting to buy an arrangement: Life insurance is also known as term life insurance or death cover. It provides a lump sum payment (subject to conditions) if the life insured dies or discovers a terminal illness where death is likely to occur within 12 months. Life insurance is a way to protect the financial future of your loved ones if you were not around to provide for them. This can help your family cover debts and living expenses at a time when they need it most. You must be 16 to 65 years of age to apply for life insurance. As long as you pay your premiums, we guarantee to renew your cover until the policy anniversary after your 99th birthday, even if there is no change in your health status.
1. What is insurance?
Insurance is a legal agreement between two parties i.e. the insurance company (insurer) and the individual (insured). In this, the insurance company promises to reduce the insured's losses in case of the insured contingency. The contingency is an event that causes harm. This could be the death of the policyholder or loss/destruction of property. This is called a contingency because there is uncertainty regarding the event. The insured pays the premium in return for the promise made by the insurer.
Life insurance
As the name suggests, life insurance is your life insurance. You purchase life insurance to ensure that your dependents are financially protected in the event of your untimely demise. Life insurance is especially important if you are the sole breadwinner for your family or if your family is very much dependent on your income. Under life insurance, the policyholder's family is financially compensated in the event of the termination of the policyholder during the term of the policy.
health insurance
Health insurance is purchased to cover medical costs for the expensive treatment. A variety of health insurance policies cover a range of illnesses and illnesses. You can buy general health insurance policies as well as policies for specific diseases. The premium paid for a health insurance policy usually covers the cost of treatment, hospitalization, and medication.
Car insurance
In today's world, car insurance is an important policy for every car owner. This insurance protects you from any untoward incident like accidents. Some policies also compensate for damage to your car during natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes. It also includes third party liability where you have to pay damages to other vehicle owners.
Education insurance
Child education insurance is a life insurance policy specifically designed as a savings tool. Education insurance can be a great way to provide a lump sum when your child reaches the age of higher education and gets admission to college (18 years and over). This fund can be used to pay for your child's higher education expenses. Under this insurance, the child is the life insurer or recipient of the funds, while the foster / legal guardian is the owner of the policy. You can estimate the amount of money for the higher education of your children using the education plan calculator.
2. How does insurance work?
The insurer and the insured receive a legal contract for insurance, called an insurance policy. The insurance policy contains details about the conditions and circumstances under which the insurance company will pay the sum assured to the insured person or nominee.

Insurance is a way to protect yourself and your family from financial loss. Generally, the premium is very low in terms of money paid for a large insurance cover. The insurance company risks providing a higher cover for smaller premiums because very few insured people actually claim insurance. This is why you get insurance for a large amount at a low cost.

Any person or company can take insurance from the insurance company, but the decision to provide insurance is at the discretion of the insurance company. The insurance company will evaluate the claim application to make a decision. Typically, insurance companies refuse to provide insurance to high-risk applicants.
3. What type of insurance is available in India?
Insurance in India can be broadly divided into three categories:
Home insurance
We all dream of owning our own homes. Home insurance can help cover damage or damage to your home due to accidents such as fires and other natural disasters or hazards. Home insurance includes other examples such as lightning, earthquake, etc.
4. What are the tax benefits on insurance?
Apart from the safety and security benefits of buying insurance, there are income tax benefits that you can take advantage of. Life insurance premiums up to Rs 1.5 lakh can be claimed as tax-saving deduction under Section 80C
Medical insurance
Medical Insurance up to 25,000 for yourself and your family and up to ₹ 25,000 for your parents can be claimed as a tax-saving deduction under Section 80D These claims are to be made at the time of e-filing income tax return.
REDUCE YOUR HOME LOAN INTEREST
Start by choosing a shorter repayment term. Whenever you have a surplus, prepay, reduce interest by refinancing with Bajaj Finserv. Increase your EMI payments annually to reduce the interest rate Paying off a home loan can be a lengthy process, as you can choose a tenure of up to 20 years. Therefore, if not done properly, the EMI of a home loan can reduce your monthly budget for a long time to come. To reduce the burden, you can find ways to reduce your home loan interest. The two most important things to keep in mind is to find the right lender that offers you the lowest interest in the market and ensure that your lender offers you an MCLR-linked interest rate, which reflects the lowest prices very quickly. Huh. Apart from these two points, here are 4 tips to help reduce your home loan interest.
HELPING SMALL BUSINESSES GET LOANS
Canada's Small Business Financing Program makes it easy for small businesses to obtain loans from financial institutions by sharing risk with lenders. Over the past 10 years, small businesses have received more than $ 9.5 billion in asset-based financing, representing more than 63,000 loans. Who are eligible Small businesses or start-ups operating for profit in Canada, with a total annual income of $ 10 million or less? Eligible under this program is not agribusiness (for a similar program for the farming industry, visit www.agr.gc.ca), not for profit organizations, or charitable and religious organizations.
HOW MUCH FINANCING IS AVAILABLE?
Up to a maximum of $ 1,000,000 for any one borrower, of which no more than $ 350,000 may be used for leasehold improvements or leased property improvements or for the purchase or improvement of new or used equipment. How do I apply for a loan? Financial institutions distribute programs and are solely responsible for approving loans. Discuss the needs of your business with a financial officer in any bank, cashew populator, or credit union in Canada. The financial officer will review your business proposal and decide on your loan application. Once it is decided to offer financing under the program, the financial institution will disregard the funds and register the loan with Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada. (Find a lender near you)
CAN BE FINANCED?
The loan can be used to meet the following costs: Purchase or improvement of land or buildings used for commercial purposes Purchase or improvement of new or used equipment Purchase of new or existing leasehold improvements, ie, renovation of a property leased by a tenant, For example, you can use debt to finance: commercial vehicles Hotel or Restaurant Equipment Computer or telecommunications equipment and software production equipment Cost Eligible to Purchase a Franchise You cannot use the loan for finance items like Credit working capital The list franchise fee research and development What are the costs? The interest rate is determined by your financial institution and can be variable or fixed.
VARIABLE-RATE LOANS
The prime lending rate of the maximum chargeable lender is 3%. Fixed-Rate: The lender is a single-family residential mortgage rate for a term of 3% of the maximum chargeable loan. A registration fee of 2% of the total amount borrowed under the program should also be paid by the borrower to the lender. It can be financed as part of the loan. A portion of the registration fee and interest is presented to the Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada by the lender to help the government offset the costs of the program. What are the financing conditions? Financed assets require lenders to take security. Lenders also have the option of taking an additional unsecured personal guarantee. For more information, please contact your financial institution (find a lender near you). This program is administered by the Directorate of Small Business Finance. Contact us for more information.
WHAT IS A PERSONAL LOAN?
A personal loan is a type of unsecured loan and helps you to meet your current financial needs. You generally do not need to pledge any security or collateral while availing a personal loan and your lender provides you with the facility to use the funds as required. It can serve as your solution for managing your travel costs and wedding expenses, as well as the expenses of a medical emergency, home renovation, debt consolidation, and more. Bajaj Finserv offers India's fastest personal loan with instant approval and disbursement within just 24 hours. Know your personal loan eligibility, use a personal loan EMI calculator, and apply for a personal loan in just four easy steps! Think about it. Done with Bajaj Finserv.
WHAT IS A BUSINESS LOAN
A business loan is a loan given exclusively for business purposes. [1] As with all loans, this includes the creation of a loan, which will be repaid with additional interest. There are a variety of business loans including bank loans, mezzanine financing, asset-based financing, invoice financing, microloans, business cash advances, and cash flow loans. [2] Content 1 type 1.1 Bank loan 1.2 SBA Loans 1.3 Mezzanine Finance 1.4 Asset Based Finance 1.5 Invoice Finance 1.6 Microloans 1.7 Online Lender 2 secured and unsecured business loans 2.1 Personal Guarantee 3 references type Bank loan See also: Loans A bank loan can be obtained from a bank and can be either secured or unsecured. For secured loans, banks will require collateral, which can be lost if repayment is not made. Banks likely want to look at business accounts, balance sheets, and business plans, as well as study the principal's credit history. Many small businesses are now turning to alternative finance providers, especially in the case of small companies. [3] Loans from credit unions can also be referred to as bank loans. Business loans from credit unions received the second-highest level of satisfaction from borrowers after loans from small banks. [4]
SBA LOANS
The US Small Business Administration (SBA) does not offer loans; Instead, it guarantees loans made by individual lenders. The main SBA loan programs are SBA 7 (A) which includes both Standard and Express options; Microlone (up to $ 50,000); 504 loans that provide financing for real estate such as real estate or equipment; And disaster loans. In FY 2016, a total of 7 (a) amounts to $ 11,967,861,900 and a total of 504 debt amounts to $ 2,517,433,000. [5]
MEZZANINE FINANCE
Main article: Mezzanine Capital Mezzanine finance effectively secures a company's debt on its equity, allowing the lender to claim part-ownership of the business if the loan is not repaid on time and in full. [4] This allows the business to borrow without other collateral, but risks reducing the principal's equity stake in case of default.
ASSET-BASED FINANCE
Main article: Asset-based lending Once a finance option is considered as a last resort, asset-based lending has become a popular option for small businesses that lack a credit rating or track record to qualify for other forms of finance. [of] In simple terms, this involves borrowing against one of the company's assets, with the lender focusing on the company's credit rating and the quality of the collateral rather than the prospects. A business can borrow against many different types of assets, including premises, plants, stocks or receivables.
INVOICE FINANCE
Main article: Invoice Waiver and Factoring (Finance) In recent years, it has become increasingly difficult for SMEs to obtain traditional finance from banks. Alternative options are invoice discounting or factoring, whereby the company borrows against its outstanding invoices, with the ability to receive funds as soon as new invoices are created. It is often asked which option is best for your business - factoring or discounting - and the answer depends on how the business wants to be perceived by customers. [citation needed] With factoring, the finance company charges interest on the loan until invoiced. Payments, as well as fees, and the finance company take ownership of the debtor ledger and use their credit control team to secure the payment. With an invoice waiver, the business controls its own ledger and chases loans. MICROCREDIT Small loans, usually for loan amounts of $ 100,000 USD or less, are called "microloans". Banks are less likely to reduce these loans than alternative lenders. When they do, the decision is usually based on the business's personal credit score and/or business credit score. [decision]
ONLINE LENDER
The number of online lenders offering small business lending has increased. Online alternative lenders generated an estimated $ 12 billion in small business loans in 2014, with unsecured consumer loans accounting for $ 7 billion and small business loans of about $ 5 billion. [8] Nonbank lenders who make small business loans have doubled their outstanding portfolio balance every year since 2000. [9] Some originate loans online from their own capital. Others may use the "marketplace" model, in which they match lenders' loans to products from different types of lenders. Popular business lending products lending online include term loans, lines of credit, and merchant cash advances. Others use crowdfunding platforms that allow businesses to raise capital from a wide variety of sources.

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The type of insurance everyone needs to know about.
In case you are always worried about different aspects of life, and there are always thoughts that you should get insurance for yourself. But, there is no doubt it is a difficult decision especially when you are not aware of the different insurance policies and types. Whenever you are going for an insurance policy you should first get proper research done in this regard. Let us explain a few types of insurance in this piece of writing that it is easy for you to choose and make a decision. The types of insurance are as follows:
General Insurance:
In general insurance, one can include property insurance, any other form of insurance along with liability insurance. Whereas the Fire and Marine insurance are the ones that fall in the category of Property insurance. There are other types of insurance that you can get such as Motor, Theft, and Machine insurances are dealt with under the umbrella of liability insurance to an extent. If we talk about the strictest form of liability insurance then it is the fidelity insurance, in case of liability insurance, the insurer pays on the behalf of the insured, the insured is compensated whenever there is a liability on him such as payment to a third party.
Liability Insurance:
As we have mentioned above that the liability insurance is the general insurance, where you have this guarantee that the insurer will be paying the damages or compensation on your behalf to a third party, in case you have cause any damage to a property, loss, injury or death. There are some other types of insurance that fall under this category and which are fidelity insurance, machine insurance, and automobile insurance.
Social Insurance:
This is one of the insurance policies that are specially designed for providing protection to the weaker sections of the society, the ones who are not able to pay the premium amounts for the adequate insurance policies, pension plans, any other benefits such as the disability, unemployment benefits.
Guarantee Insurance:
This type of insurance policy covers the loss that takes place due to dishonesty, disloyalty, and disappearance of the second party or of the employees. The party who is involved in this type of insurance must be the party to a contract. The failure of a party can cause loss to the first party. This type of insurance can be explained with the help of an illustration. Let’s take an example of export insurance, in case of such insurance the insurer will be compensating you for the loss at the failure of importers, for instance, they failed to pay the amount of debt.
Top Life Insurance Companies in India 2020
By buying a life insurance policy, the insurance company promises you to pay the sum assured as claim amount, in the event of the death of the insured within the policy term or at the maturity of the policy (whichever occurs earlier). For life insurance policies that offer pure risk cover such as term insurance plan, your family will receive the life cover amount. For other life insurance policies like an endowment, money back, lips, etc., you will receive the life cover amount or maturity benefit, depends on the earlier occurrence of the event.
When it comes to the settlement of death claims, the members of your family or nominee will have to approach the insurance company and intimate them about your death and provide them the duly filled death claim form. In order to ensure smooth and quick claims settlement, you need to check the Claim Settlement Ratio (CSR) of life insurance companies.
Top 10 Life Insurance Companies in 2020
The top life insurance companies mentioned below are based on the claim settlement ratio of the respective companies.
1. Max Life Insurance
Max Life Insurance is a joint venture of Max financial services Ltd. and Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Co. Ltd. Max Life Insurance Company offers comprehensive life insurance solutions to meet the long-term savings and protection to over 30 Lakh customers. It has a diversified distribution model, including agents, advisors, bancassurance, and other allied partners. Max Life has the highest claim settlement ratio of 98.74% in FY 2018-19.
2. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)
Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) is the only public sector life insurance company offering a variety of life insurance products such as insurance plans, pension plans, unit-linked plans, special plans, and group schemes. LIC has secured over 250 million lives with its varying life insurance solutions. It has a claim settlement ratio of 97.79% in FY 2018-19.
3. Tata AIA Life
Tata AIA Life Insurance Company is a joint venture of Tata Group and AIA Group Ltd. The company commenced its insurance business in the year 2001 and since then, it is offering life insurance products such as protection, savings, and wealth solutions to individuals and corporate customers. Tata AIA has a wide distribution channel including agents, brokers, bancassurance, and direct channels. Tata AIA Life has a claim settlement ratio of 99.07% in FY 2018-19.
4. ICICI Prudential Life
ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company is a joint venture between ICICI Bank and Prudential plc. ICICI Bank has 74% stakeholding and Prudential Plc holds a 26% stake in the joint venture. ICICI Prudential Life Insurance offers a wide range of products such as terms, health, ULIP, savings, and retirement plans to cater to the insurance needs of the customers. ICICI Prudential Life has a claim settlement ratio of 98.58% in FY 2018-19.
5. HDFC Life
HDFC Life Insurance Company is a result of a joint venture between Housing Development Finance Corporation Ltd and Standard Life plc. HDFC ltd owns 70.65% shareholding and the remaining 26% of shares are held by Standard Life. HDFC Life offers a range of life insurance products including term insurance, health cover, pension, child plans, saving, and investment plans. HDFC Life has a claim settlement ratio of 99.04% in FY 2018-19.
6. Bharti AXA Life
Bharti AXA Life Insurance is a joint venture between Bharti Group (India’s leading business group) and AXA Group (leader in insurance, investment & other financial services). Bharti holds 51% shareholding and AXA owns a 49% stake. Bharti AXA Life offers an innovative range of insurance products including protection plans, health, savings, investment plans, and many others. Bharti AXA Life has a claim settlement ratio of 97.28% in FY 2018-19.
7. Exide Life
Exide Life Insurance Company started the insurance business in the year 2001-02. The company is completely owned by Exide Industries Limited. Exide Life has multiple channels to distribute its insurance products via agents, brokers, bancassurance, direct channel, and online. The company has 200+ offices across the country along with 45,000+ advisors ensuring a wide reach to the customers. Exide Life has a claim settlement ratio of 97.03% in FY 2018-19.
8. SBI Life
SBI Life is a result of a joint venture between State Bank of India (largest banker in India) and BNP Paribas Cardiff (a leading global insurer). SBI holds the majority stake of 74% and PNB Paribas owns a 26% stake. SBI Life offers a multitude of individual and group insurance plans including protection, money back, child, investment, retirement, and savings plans. SBI Life has a claim settlement ratio of 95.o3% in FY 2018-19.
9. Pramerica Life
Pramerica Life Insurance Company comes into existence with a joint venture between Prudential International Insurance Holdings Ltd (a fully owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial). DPLI has 144 branches across India, 3143 employees, 4710.574 Crores Asset under Management, and more than 20 million lives secured as on 31st August 2019. Pramerica Life has a claim settlement ratio of 96.80% in FY 2018-19.
10. Aditya Birla Sun Life
Aditya Birla Sun Life Insurance Company is a joint venture between Aditya Birla Group (a multinational conglomerate) and Sun Life Financial Inc (a renowned Canada-based international financial services company). The company commenced its insurance business in the year 2000. Aditya Birla Sun Life offers protection, wealth with protection, health, child cover, retirement, and savings plans. Aditya Birla Sun Life has a claim settlement ratio of 97.15% in FY 2018-19.
Note: The insurance companies mentioned above are based on the high claim settlement ratio extracted from IRDAI Annual Report for FY 2018-19. to know all Life Insurance companies claim settlement Ratio for FY 2018-19
Top 10 Health Insurance Companies in India 2020
In order to guide customers while buying health insurance, the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) has been coming out with a list of best health companies every year. Both General Insurers (private and public) and Specialized Health Insurance companies are authorized to offer health plans to the customers. Based on the performances with regards to companies’ Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) and their overall financial standing, the top 10 Health Insurance Companies of India are as follows:
1. HDFC ERGO Health Insurance Limited
HDFC ERGO Health Insurance Limited (formerly, Apollo Munich Health Insurance) is a Joint Venture of HDFC Ltd and ERGO International AG. It has an impressive Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 63% for the financial year 2018-19, and it has brought innovations like lifetime renewals and portability benefits of the existing policies.
2. Star Health & Allied Insurance Company Limited
Star Health & Allied Insurance Company is a joint venture between Oman Health Insurance Company, ETA Ascon Group and a few veterans of the country boasts of an Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 63% for FY 2018-19. The company has an in-house TPA to deal with cashless facility seamlessly while also coming up with exciting products like Diabetes Safe (for diabetic patients) and Star NetPlus (for HIV+ patients).
3. Max Bupa Health Insurance Company Limited
Max Bupa Health Insurance Company is a joint venture between Max India Limited and Bupa Group brought into existence in 2010. The latest ICR for this health care company stands at 54% for FY 2018-19 and offers enrollment to its policies for citizens of all age groups.
4. SBI General Insurance Company Limited
SBI General Insurance Co. Ltd comes with a joint venture of State Bank of India and Insurance Australia Group (IAG). SBI General has a wide presence in over 23,000 branches of State Bank Group. It covers over 110 cities across India along with over 350 locations through satellite resources. It has an Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 72% for FY 2018-19.
5. Religare Health Insurance Company Limited
Religare Health Insurance Company is a joint venture between Religare Enterprises Limited, Union Bank of India, and Corporation Bank that was launched in 2012. However, in a short period of time, it has shown tremendous growth and made a mark in the insurance sector with an Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 55% for FY 2018-19. It is being promoted by the founders of Fortis Hospitals.
6. ManipalCigna Health Insurance Company Limited
Manipal Cigna Health Insurance Company is a comparatively new player in the Indian insurance sector being launched only in 2014 and has immediately become part of the best health insurance companies in India. It’s Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) for 2018-19 stands at an impressive figure of 62% that is a no mean feat considering it’s so new to the market.
7. Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Limited
Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company is a joint venture between Bajaj Finserv Limited and Allianz SE has some health products up its sleeve. The three major products are Health Guard, Silver Health, and Star Package. Bajaj has the distinction of being the first company to provide captive TPA with certain efficiencies. Its Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) is 69% for 2018-19.
8. New India Assurance Company Limited
New India Assurance Company is a fully owned company by the government of India has been in operations since 1919 and is most famous for its Mediclaim policy. The most unique feature of this health insurance policy is that it provides a differential rating for major metros in comparison to other locations. The latest Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) for FY 2018-19 is 95.39% that might be on the higher side, but it covers up for any losses or deficiencies from other insurance products.
9. Oriental Insurance Company Limited
Oriental Insurance Company is a public sector general insurance company that offers a number of health insurance products. The best part about this insurer is that it doesn’t require a medical examination of the prospective customers up to the age of 60 years, while other companies press for medical examinations for everyone over 45 years of age. Its Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) stands at 106.10% as per IRDAI annual report for FY 2018-19.
10. National Insurance Company Limited
National Insurance Company is a fully government-owned general insurance company that is more than 100 years old and also provides health insurance coverage. Its Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) is 109.94% for 2018-19, but it covers up its losses with other insurance products in various other categories. The most popular health product offered by the company is Varishtha Mediclaim for senior citizens.
Hope this information was useful for you. Find out about various plans being offered by these General insurance companies in India and buy a health insurance policy for you and your family, now!
Note: Latest IRDA Incurred Claims Ratio for FY 2018-19 of General Insurance Companies in India.
What Is Insurance?
Insurance is a contract, represented by a policy, in which an individual or entity receives financial protection or reimbursement against losses from an insurance company. The company pools clients' risks to make payments more affordable for the insured.

Insurance policies are used to hedge against the risk of financial losses, both big and small, that may result from damage to the insured or her property, or from liability for damage or injury caused to a third party.
How Insurance Works
There is a multitude of different types of insurance policies available, and virtually any individual or business can find an insurance company willing to insure them—for a price. The most common types of personal insurance policies are auto, health, homeowners, and life. Most individuals in the United States have at least one of these types of insurance, and car insurance is required by law.

Businesses require special types of insurance policies that insure against specific types of risks faced by a particular business. For example, a fast-food restaurant needs a policy that covers damage or injury that occurs as a result of cooking with a deep fryer. An auto dealer is not subject to this type of risk but does require coverage for damage or injury that could occur during test drives.

There are also insurance policies available for very specific needs, such as kidnap and ransom (K&R), medical malpractice, and professional liability insurance, also known as errors and omissions insurance.
Insurance Policy Components
When choosing a policy, it is important to understand how insurance works.

A firm understanding of these concepts goes a long way in helping you choose the policy that best suits your needs. There are three components (premium, policy limit, and deductible) to most insurance policies that are crucial.

Premium
A policy's premium is its price, typically expressed as a monthly cost. The premium is determined by the insurer based on your or your business's risk profile, which may include creditworthiness.

For example, if you own several expensive automobiles and have a history of reckless driving, you will likely pay more for an auto policy than someone with a single mid-range sedan and a perfect driving record. However, different insurers may charge different premiums for similar policies. So finding the price that is right for you requires some legwork.

Policy Limit
The policy limit is the maximum amount an insurer will pay under a policy for a covered loss. Maximums may be set per period (e.g., annual or policy term), per loss or injury, or over the life of the policy, also known as the lifetime maximum.

Typically, higher limits carry higher premiums. For a general life insurance policy, the maximum amount the insurer will pay is referred to as the face value, which is the amount paid to a beneficiary upon the death of the insured.

Deductible
The deductible is a specific amount the policy-holder must pay out-of-pocket before the insurer pays a claim. Deductibles serve as deterrents to large volumes of small and insignificant claims.

Deductibles can apply per-policy or per-claim depending on the insurer and the type of policy. Policies with very high deductibles are typically less expensive because the high out-of-pocket expense generally results in fewer small claims.

Special Considerations
With regard to health insurance, people who have chronic health issues or need regular medical attention should look for policies with lower deductibles.

Though the annual premium is higher than a comparable policy with a higher deductible, less expensive access to medical care throughout the year may be worth the trade-off.
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What are the principal types of life insurance?
There are two major types of life insurance—term and whole life. Whole life is sometimes called permanent life insurance, and it encompasses several subcategories, including traditional whole life, universal life, variable life, and variable universal life. In 2016, about 4.3 million individual life insurance policies bought were term and about 6.4 million were whole life, according to the American Council of Life Insurers.

Life insurance products for groups are different from life insurance sold to individuals. The information below focuses on life insurance sold to individuals.

Term
Term Insurance is the simplest form of life insurance. It pays only if death occurs during the term of the policy, which is usually from one to 30 years. Most term policies have no other benefit provisions.

There are two basic types of term life insurance policies: level term and decreasing term.

Level term means that the death benefit stays the same throughout the duration of the policy.
Decreasing term means that the death benefit drops, usually in one-year increments, over the course of the policy’s term.
In 2003, virtually all (97 percent) of the term life insurance bought was level term.

For more on the different types of term life insurance, click here.

Whole life/permanent
Whole life or permanent insurance pays a death benefit whenever you die—even if you live to 100! There are three major types of whole life or permanent life insurance—traditional whole life, universal life, and variable universal life, and there are variations within each type.

In the case of traditional whole life, both the death benefit and the premium are designed to stay the same (level) throughout the life of the policy. The cost per $1,000 of benefit increases as the insured person ages, and it obviously gets very high when the insured lives to 80 and beyond. The insurance company could charge a premium that increases each year, but that would make it very hard for most people to afford life insurance at advanced ages. So the company keeps the premium level by charging a premium that, in the early years, is higher than what’s needed to pay claims, investing that money, and then using it to supplement the level premium to help pay the cost of life insurance for older people.

By law, when these “overpayments” reach a certain amount, they must be available to the policyholder as a cash value if he or she decides not to continue with the original plan. The cash value is an alternative, not an additional, benefit under the policy.

In the 1970s and 1980s, life insurance companies introduced two variations on the traditional whole life product—universal life insurance and variable universal life insurance. For more on the different types of whole life/permanent insurance, click here.
How to choose the best life insurance company for you
Though we have done thorough research for you, we recommend doing your own research to select a life insurance company that is best suited for your individual needs. Here are some things to look for when choosing the best life insurance company for you:

Ask for recommendations: Often, the best reference is word of mouth. Ask your friends and family for recommendations on the top life insurance companies they have had positive experiences with.
Look at customer satisfaction ratings: You can visit the J.D. Power website to review its customer satisfaction ratings for life insurance companies. Companies will be ranked based on their overall score and then given a Power Circle Rating between 2 and 5 circles. We recommend looking at those who received Power Circle Ratings of 3-5.
Look at financial stability: We recommend looking at a company’s financial stability. You can do this on the AM Best website. However, some companies, like MetLife, are not rated there. MetLife was rated by a different agency, Demotech, and received a great financial stability rating. A company with inferior financial stability may leave you high and dry when it comes time to pay out claims. It is important to have the assurance of strong financial stability.
Look at customer reviews: We used Consumer Affairs and the Better Business Bureau, but there are other sites available that will include customer reviews. We recommend ignoring the outlier reviews and focusing on the average. What did the average person say about the company you’re considering? Are the things they complained about things that are important to you? For example, if someone made a complaint that the company does not offer a mobile app but a mobile app isn’t important to you, do not consider that review in your assessment.
Get life insurance quotes: Always compare prices so you know if what you’ve found is the best life insurance policy at a competitive price. We recommend getting at least three quotes from different life insurance companies before making your final choice.
Ask questions: When in doubt, ask the insurance agent. Do not hesitate to ask detailed questions about the coverage you’ve been quoted. It will be important to you and to your agent that you thoroughly understand your coverage and obligations.
BRK.A, PNGAY, and AXAHY lead the 10 biggest insurance companies list
Insurance companies provide risk management to individuals, businesses, and institutional clients through contracts. Although there is a multitude of different types of insurance companies, the basic principle is that the insurer guarantees payment or reimbursement in the event of losses for the insured. Thanks to pooled risk, insurers historically have been able to offer clients affordable rates in many cases. Insurance companies offer policies offering coverage for losses related to accidents, health, property, homeownership, professional liability, malpractice, and casualty, among other areas.
These are the 10 biggest insurance companies by 12-month trailing revenue. This list is limited to companies that are publicly traded in the U.S. or Canada, either directly or through ADRs. Some companies outside the U.S. report profits semi-annually instead of quarterly, so the 12-month trailing data may be older than it is for companies that report quarterly. Data is courtesy of YCharts.com. All figures as of August 3, 2020.
Some of the stocks below are only traded over-the-counter (OTC) in the U.S., not on exchanges. Trading OTC stocks often carry higher trading costs than trading stocks on exchanges. This can lower or even outweigh potential returns.

#1 Berkshire Hathaway (BRK.A) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $237.2 billion
Net Income (TTM): $10.0 billion
Market Cap: $475.7 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -4.9%
Exchange: New York Stock Exchange
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. is a major conglomerate and one of the nation's premier insurance companies, also owning businesses in sectors such as rail transportation, utilities and energy, manufacturing, services, and retailing. Berkshire provides primary insurance, as well as reinsurance of property and casualty risks through companies such as GEICO, Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group, Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group, General Re, National Indemnity Company and others. Berkshire Hathaway Specialty Insurance (www.bhspecialty.com) provides commercial property, casualty, healthcare professional liability, executive and professional lines, surety, travel, programs, medical stop-loss, and homeowners insurance.

#2 Ping An Insurance (Group) Co. of China Ltd. (PNGAY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $144.8 billion
Net Income (TTM): $18.7 billion
Market Cap: $194.0 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -7.5%
Exchange: OTC
Ping An Insurance is involved primarily in insurance, financial services, and banking. It is one of the top 50 companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. Founded in 1988, it was China's first joint-stock insurance company. Its subsidiaries include Ping An Life, Ping An Property & Casualty, Ping An Annuity, and Ping An Health, among many others. Ping An routinely partners with major insurance companies in the United States as a reinsurer to ensure US companies' business globally. In this service line, Ping An covers losses occurring in China or on a global basis, including losses in the United States.

#3 AXA SA (AXAHY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $139.5 billion
Net Income (TTM): $4.3 billion
Market Cap: $48.2 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -17.2%
Exchange: OTC
AXA is one of the world's leading insurance groups with major businesses in property and casualty insurance, life insurance, savings, and asset management. Several insurance companies merged to create AXA in the 1990s. It does business in all major global markets. The Personal Health plan by Axa includes a number of benefits as standard, with the option to add a further cover to enhance your health insurance policy, including the out-patient cover. Axa's standard health insurance policy covers Heart and cancer care, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. ... Out-patient surgery.
#4 China Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (LFC) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $105.6 billion
Net Income (TTM): $8.4 billion
Market Cap: $64.9 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -6.3%
Exchange: New York Stock Exchange
China Life Insurance is one of the mainland's largest state-owned insurance and financial services companies, as well as a key player in the Chinese capital market as an institutional investor. The company was founded in 1949, the year that the People's Republic of China was founded. The company today has numerous subsidiaries spread across life insurance, pension plans, asset management, property and casualty, and investment holdings. China Life Insurance Company Limited is a Beijing-based China-incorporated company that provides life insurance and annuity products. China Life is ranked No. 94 on Fortune 2015 Global 500 Company list. China Life, which is 70% state-owned, is the biggest life insurer in China but is coming off a few rocky years.
#5 Allianz SE (ALLIANZ) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $101.2 billion
Net Income (TTM): $8.2 billion
Market Cap: $85.9 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -13.4%
Exchange: OTC
Allianz is a leading global financial services company, providing products and services from insurance to asset management. It offers insurance products ranging from property and casualty policies to health and life insurance for corporate and individual customers. The company is headquartered in Germany. Allianz is a good company that pays as outlined. Allianz has been good to me for more than 5 years. My money is safe from market losses and I really like the growth, bonuses, and income benefits. I've never paid a fee or had an issue with access to my money or information.
Top 50 Insurance Companies
Below are the top 50 insurance companies and best insurance companies in the United States ranked by total assets. Metlife is the largest insurer in the U.S. based on assets and direct premiums written. The company offers a wide array of insurance products and services including life and health insurance, accident insurance, auto insurance, home insurance as well as annuities and retirement and savings products. Prudential, based in Newark, is the second-largest insurance company in America with total assets of $812.6 billion, $3.7 trillion of gross life insurance in force, and more than 49,000 employees.

#6 Prudential PLC (PUK) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $93.7 billion
Net Income (TTM): $0.8 billion
Market Cap: $37.8 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -17.2%
Exchange: New York Stock Exchange
Prudential PLC is a London-based insurance and investment services company offering products ranging from life, health, accident, property, and casualty policies to pensions, equity plans, mortgages, and other financial services. Prudential also caters to customers in all major global markets, including in the U.K., its home market. Prudential has operations in the United States, Asia, Europe, and Latin America and has organized its principal operations into the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business. Prudential is composed of hundreds of subsidiaries and holds more than $4 trillion of life insurance.

#7 Aviva PLC (AVVIY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $90.6 billion
Net Income (TTM): $3.3 billion
Market Cap: $13.8 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -27.1%
Exchange: OTC
U.K.-based Aviva PLC is an international insurance company offering transport, aviation, marine, fire, motor, and life insurance products, as well as a range of financial services. Its UK Life business and General Insurance business are leaders in their home market in the U.K. However, on Aviva's website there are over 800 reviews rating AvivaPlus at 4.7 out of 5. On Feefo the company as a whole has an average score of 4.6 from more than 2,750 reviews. On Trustpilot, it scores 1.3 out of 10 based on over 850 reviews. What does Aviva Car Insurance cover? Our car insurance covers you against the cost of accidents and damage. You can choose from our comprehensive or third party, fire, and theft insurance.
#8 Assicurazioni Generali (ARZGY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $86.9 billion
Net Income (TTM): $1.8 billion
Market Cap: $24.9 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -12.7%
Exchange: OTC
Headquartered in Italy, Assicurazioni Generali is an international insurance provider. The company offers a variety of life, non-life, and reinsurance products. While a large portion of Assicurazioni Generali's business is in Europe, it has a growing presence in Asia and Latin America. Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A. or simply Generali Group is an Italian insurance company, the largest in Italy and third in the world. It has its headquarters in Trieste. In 2010, the Assicurazioni Generali Group was the second-largest insurance group in the world by revenue after AXA.

#9 Legal & General Group PLC (LGGNY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $85.9 billion
Net Income (TTM): $2.4 billion
Market Cap: $16.8 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -4.0%
Exchange: OTC
Legal & General Group is a London-based financial service and the insurance company. With a worldwide customer base, the company provides a range of asset management, retirement, savings, and general insurance products. Legal & General life insurance summary In 2019, Legal & General paid out 97% of life insurance claims and 92% of critical illness claims. Life insurance automatically includes Terminal Illness cover, while Critical Illness cover can be added for an additional cost.
#10 The People's Insurance Co. (Group) of China Ltd. (PINXY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $76.4 billion
Net Income (TTM): $3.2 billion
Market Cap: $14.7 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -17.7%
Exchange: OTC
With the Chinese central government as its controlling shareholder, The People's Insurance Co. operates a number of subsidiaries that provide property, life, pension, and health insurance products, as well as reinsurance and various other offerings. The company also offers asset management services. The People's Insurance Company of China Limited, known as PICC Group or just PICC, is a Chinese listed insurer. The Chinese Central Government is the controlling shareholder. The group contains the major subsidiaries: PICC Asset Management, PICC Life as well as PICC Property and Casualty.
Life insurance In Australia
Life covers and chooses your option. This is only a summary. To take a combination of terms, conditions, limitations, definitions, exclusions, waiting periods, exclusion periods, and covers, please see the Product Disclosure Statement.
Life cover Insurance Details
Life cover is also known as life insurance or death cover. It is a way to protect your family's financial future. $ 1.5 million covers depending on your age $ 15,000 funeral advancement included within the cover 2 people insured on the same policy Diagnoses terminal illness where death is likely within 12 months 10. Profit increases every year to stay ahead of inflation. The Critical Illness Cover is also known as the Trauma Cover and pays a lump sum 5 benefits if Life Insurance suffers one of the defined Critical Illness events 5 *. $ 500,000 cover depending on your age Cover for 14 critical illnesses as defined 5 Profit increases every year to stay ahead of inflation.
undefinedLife Insurance In Us
Unable to cover work permanently and also known as Total Disability (TPD) cover *. $ 1.5 million covers depending on your age Lump-sum payment if you are unlikely to work again due to illness or injury 6 Profit increases every year to stay ahead of inflation
What is Life insurance?
Life Insurance is a contract, represented by a policy, in which an individual or institution receives financial protection or reimbursement against losses from the insurance company. The company controls customer risks to make payments more affordable for insureds. Life Insurance policies are used against the risk of financial loss, both large and small, which may result in damage to the insured or his property, or from liability for damage or injury to a third party.
How insurance work
There is a multitude of different types of insurance policies available, and virtually any person or business can set out to find an insurance company - for a price. The most common types of personal insurance policies are auto, health, homeowners, and life. Most individuals in the United States have at least one type of insurance, and car insurance is required by law.
Insurance is a contract in which one insurer condemns another against losses from specific contingencies and/or hazards. There are many types of insurance policies. The most common forms of life, health, homeownership, and auto insurance are. The main components that make up most insurance policies are deductible, policy limit, and premium.

Businesses require special types of insurance policies, which insure specific types of risks faced by a particular business. For example, fast-food restaurants require a policy that covers damage or injury resulting from cooking with a deep fryer. An auto dealer is not subject to this type of risk but requires coverage for damage or injury that may occur during a test drive.
Cashback plans are much the same as auto insurance price quotes enrichment plans with just a solitary contrast that the payout can be stumbled with the approach term period. In this, some parts will come back to the guaranteed on an ideal opportunity to time premise according to the approach residency. If there should arise an occurrence of death full whole, the guaranteed sum will be paid out. It additionally incorporates a reward. In view of these extra highlights, the premiums of this arrangement are higher than the typical disaster protection plans on the web.
Disaster protection Riders
Riders are the extra highlights of any auto insurance price quotes protection plan that gives extra monetary inclusion to the policyholder. Riders are the advancements of the protection business that points in redoing the protection plans to the degree which is conceivable while keeping a standard base arrangement accessible. Essentially, riders give additional hazard assurance; thus the guaranteed needs auto insurance price quotes to pay an additional premium for it. Generally, the riders are purchased alongside the base protection plan and can't be included later. The riders are discretionary, it gives unadulterated hazard inclusion and that is the reason they don't have any sparing and venture components.
Famous life coverage Riders are:-
Basic Illness Rider:- Major basic ailments are secured under the approach, for example, malignant growth, the disappointment of kidneys, cardiovascular failure, trance-like state, loss of motion, and so on. Make a point to experience the ailments secured as various organizations offer various sicknesses spread. Inadvertent Death Benefit Rider:- If the policyholder kicks the bucket in a mishap, this rider advantage alongside the aggregate guaranteed Clinic Cash Rider:- During hospitalization, a fixed aggregate of cash is payable on the per-day reason for cost charges of the medical clinic. The base and most extreme aggregate guaranteed advantage sum alongside the conditions of the strategy may change from guarantor to back up plan.
How To Choose The Best Life Insurance Policy?
Since there are different plans offered by the disaster protection organizations with numerous advantages, it is extremely confounding to choose the best arrangement from various choices to bamboozle the inclusion at a reasonable premium. Here are a portion of the focuses to recall while wanting to buy an arrangement: Life insurance is also known as term life insurance or death cover. It provides a lump sum payment (subject to conditions) if the life insured dies or discovers a terminal illness where death is likely to occur within 12 months. Life insurance is a way to protect the financial future of your loved ones if you were not around to provide for them. This can help your family cover debts and living expenses at a time when they need it most. You must be 16 to 65 years of age to apply for life insurance. As long as you pay your premiums, we guarantee to renew your cover until the policy anniversary after your 99th birthday, even if there is no change in your health status.
1. What is insurance?
Insurance is a legal agreement between two parties i.e. the insurance company (insurer) and the individual (insured). In this, the insurance company promises to reduce the insured's losses in case of the insured contingency. The contingency is an event that causes harm. This could be the death of the policyholder or loss/destruction of property. This is called a contingency because there is uncertainty regarding the event. The insured pays the premium in return for the promise made by the insurer.
Life insurance
As the name suggests, life insurance is your life insurance. You purchase life insurance to ensure that your dependents are financially protected in the event of your untimely demise. Life insurance is especially important if you are the sole breadwinner for your family or if your family is very much dependent on your income. Under life insurance, the policyholder's family is financially compensated in the event of the termination of the policyholder during the term of the policy.
health insurance
Health insurance is purchased to cover medical costs for the expensive treatment. A variety of health insurance policies cover a range of illnesses and illnesses. You can buy general health insurance policies as well as policies for specific diseases. The premium paid for a health insurance policy usually covers the cost of treatment, hospitalization, and medication.
Car insurance
In today's world, car insurance is an important policy for every car owner. This insurance protects you from any untoward incident like accidents. Some policies also compensate for damage to your car during natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes. It also includes third party liability where you have to pay damages to other vehicle owners.
Education insurance
Child education insurance is a life insurance policy specifically designed as a savings tool. Education insurance can be a great way to provide a lump sum when your child reaches the age of higher education and gets admission to college (18 years and over). This fund can be used to pay for your child's higher education expenses. Under this insurance, the child is the life insurer or recipient of the funds, while the foster / legal guardian is the owner of the policy. You can estimate the amount of money for the higher education of your children using the education plan calculator.
2. How does insurance work?
The insurer and the insured receive a legal contract for insurance, called an insurance policy. The insurance policy contains details about the conditions and circumstances under which the insurance company will pay the sum assured to the insured person or nominee.

Insurance is a way to protect yourself and your family from financial loss. Generally, the premium is very low in terms of money paid for a large insurance cover. The insurance company risks providing a higher cover for smaller premiums because very few insured people actually claim insurance. This is why you get insurance for a large amount at a low cost.

Any person or company can take insurance from the insurance company, but the decision to provide insurance is at the discretion of the insurance company. The insurance company will evaluate the claim application to make a decision. Typically, insurance companies refuse to provide insurance to high-risk applicants.
3. What type of insurance is available in India?
Insurance in India can be broadly divided into three categories:
Home insurance
We all dream of owning our own homes. Home insurance can help cover damage or damage to your home due to accidents such as fires and other natural disasters or hazards. Home insurance includes other examples such as lightning, earthquake, etc.
4. What are the tax benefits on insurance?
Apart from the safety and security benefits of buying insurance, there are income tax benefits that you can take advantage of. Life insurance premiums up to Rs 1.5 lakh can be claimed as tax-saving deduction under Section 80C
Medical insurance
Medical Insurance up to 25,000 for yourself and your family and up to ₹ 25,000 for your parents can be claimed as a tax-saving deduction under Section 80D These claims are to be made at the time of e-filing income tax return.
REDUCE YOUR HOME LOAN INTEREST
Start by choosing a shorter repayment term. Whenever you have a surplus, prepay, reduce interest by refinancing with Bajaj Finserv. Increase your EMI payments annually to reduce the interest rate Paying off a home loan can be a lengthy process, as you can choose a tenure of up to 20 years. Therefore, if not done properly, the EMI of a home loan can reduce your monthly budget for a long time to come. To reduce the burden, you can find ways to reduce your home loan interest. The two most important things to keep in mind is to find the right lender that offers you the lowest interest in the market and ensure that your lender offers you an MCLR-linked interest rate, which reflects the lowest prices very quickly. Huh. Apart from these two points, here are 4 tips to help reduce your home loan interest.
HELPING SMALL BUSINESSES GET LOANS
Canada's Small Business Financing Program makes it easy for small businesses to obtain loans from financial institutions by sharing risk with lenders. Over the past 10 years, small businesses have received more than $ 9.5 billion in asset-based financing, representing more than 63,000 loans. Who are eligible Small businesses or start-ups operating for profit in Canada, with a total annual income of $ 10 million or less? Eligible under this program is not agribusiness (for a similar program for the farming industry, visit www.agr.gc.ca), not for profit organizations, or charitable and religious organizations.
HOW MUCH FINANCING IS AVAILABLE?
Up to a maximum of $ 1,000,000 for any one borrower, of which no more than $ 350,000 may be used for leasehold improvements or leased property improvements or for the purchase or improvement of new or used equipment. How do I apply for a loan? Financial institutions distribute programs and are solely responsible for approving loans. Discuss the needs of your business with a financial officer in any bank, cashew populator, or credit union in Canada. The financial officer will review your business proposal and decide on your loan application. Once it is decided to offer financing under the program, the financial institution will disregard the funds and register the loan with Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada. (Find a lender near you)
CAN BE FINANCED?
The loan can be used to meet the following costs: Purchase or improvement of land or buildings used for commercial purposes Purchase or improvement of new or used equipment Purchase of new or existing leasehold improvements, ie, renovation of a property leased by a tenant, For example, you can use debt to finance: commercial vehicles Hotel or Restaurant Equipment Computer or telecommunications equipment and software production equipment Cost Eligible to Purchase a Franchise You cannot use the loan for finance items like Credit working capital The list franchise fee research and development What are the costs? The interest rate is determined by your financial institution and can be variable or fixed.
VARIABLE-RATE LOANS
The prime lending rate of the maximum chargeable lender is 3%. Fixed-Rate: The lender is a single-family residential mortgage rate for a term of 3% of the maximum chargeable loan. A registration fee of 2% of the total amount borrowed under the program should also be paid by the borrower to the lender. It can be financed as part of the loan. A portion of the registration fee and interest is presented to the Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada by the lender to help the government offset the costs of the program. What are the financing conditions? Financed assets require lenders to take security. Lenders also have the option of taking an additional unsecured personal guarantee. For more information, please contact your financial institution (find a lender near you). This program is administered by the Directorate of Small Business Finance. Contact us for more information.
WHAT IS A PERSONAL LOAN?
A personal loan is a type of unsecured loan and helps you to meet your current financial needs. You generally do not need to pledge any security or collateral while availing a personal loan and your lender provides you with the facility to use the funds as required. It can serve as your solution for managing your travel costs and wedding expenses, as well as the expenses of a medical emergency, home renovation, debt consolidation, and more. Bajaj Finserv offers India's fastest personal loan with instant approval and disbursement within just 24 hours. Know your personal loan eligibility, use a personal loan EMI calculator, and apply for a personal loan in just four easy steps! Think about it. Done with Bajaj Finserv.
WHAT IS A BUSINESS LOAN
A business loan is a loan given exclusively for business purposes. [1] As with all loans, this includes the creation of a loan, which will be repaid with additional interest. There are a variety of business loans including bank loans, mezzanine financing, asset-based financing, invoice financing, microloans, business cash advances, and cash flow loans. [2] Content 1 type 1.1 Bank loan 1.2 SBA Loans 1.3 Mezzanine Finance 1.4 Asset Based Finance 1.5 Invoice Finance 1.6 Microloans 1.7 Online Lender 2 secured and unsecured business loans 2.1 Personal Guarantee 3 references type Bank loan See also: Loans A bank loan can be obtained from a bank and can be either secured or unsecured. For secured loans, banks will require collateral, which can be lost if repayment is not made. Banks likely want to look at business accounts, balance sheets, and business plans, as well as study the principal's credit history. Many small businesses are now turning to alternative finance providers, especially in the case of small companies. [3] Loans from credit unions can also be referred to as bank loans. Business loans from credit unions received the second-highest level of satisfaction from borrowers after loans from small banks. [4]
SBA LOANS
The US Small Business Administration (SBA) does not offer loans; Instead, it guarantees loans made by individual lenders. The main SBA loan programs are SBA 7 (A) which includes both Standard and Express options; Microlone (up to $ 50,000); 504 loans that provide financing for real estate such as real estate or equipment; And disaster loans. In FY 2016, a total of 7 (a) amounts to $ 11,967,861,900 and a total of 504 debt amounts to $ 2,517,433,000. [5]
MEZZANINE FINANCE
Main article: Mezzanine Capital Mezzanine finance effectively secures a company's debt on its equity, allowing the lender to claim part-ownership of the business if the loan is not repaid on time and in full. [4] This allows the business to borrow without other collateral, but risks reducing the principal's equity stake in case of default.
ASSET-BASED FINANCE
Main article: Asset-based lending Once a finance option is considered as a last resort, asset-based lending has become a popular option for small businesses that lack a credit rating or track record to qualify for other forms of finance. [of] In simple terms, this involves borrowing against one of the company's assets, with the lender focusing on the company's credit rating and the quality of the collateral rather than the prospects. A business can borrow against many different types of assets, including premises, plants, stocks or receivables.
INVOICE FINANCE
Main article: Invoice Waiver and Factoring (Finance) In recent years, it has become increasingly difficult for SMEs to obtain traditional finance from banks. Alternative options are invoice discounting or factoring, whereby the company borrows against its outstanding invoices, with the ability to receive funds as soon as new invoices are created. It is often asked which option is best for your business - factoring or discounting - and the answer depends on how the business wants to be perceived by customers. [citation needed] With factoring, the finance company charges interest on the loan until invoiced. Payments, as well as fees, and the finance company take ownership of the debtor ledger and use their credit control team to secure the payment. With an invoice waiver, the business controls its own ledger and chases loans. MICROCREDIT Small loans, usually for loan amounts of $ 100,000 USD or less, are called "microloans". Banks are less likely to reduce these loans than alternative lenders. When they do, the decision is usually based on the business's personal credit score and/or business credit score. [decision]
ONLINE LENDER
The number of online lenders offering small business lending has increased. Online alternative lenders generated an estimated $ 12 billion in small business loans in 2014, with unsecured consumer loans accounting for $ 7 billion and small business loans of about $ 5 billion. [8] Nonbank lenders who make small business loans have doubled their outstanding portfolio balance every year since 2000. [9] Some originate loans online from their own capital. Others may use the "marketplace" model, in which they match lenders' loans to products from different types of lenders. Popular business lending products lending online include term loans, lines of credit, and merchant cash advances. Others use crowdfunding platforms that allow businesses to raise capital from a wide variety of sources.

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The type of insurance everyone needs to know about.
In case you are always worried about different aspects of life, and there are always thoughts that you should get insurance for yourself. But, there is no doubt it is a difficult decision especially when you are not aware of the different insurance policies and types. Whenever you are going for an insurance policy you should first get proper research done in this regard. Let us explain a few types of insurance in this piece of writing that it is easy for you to choose and make a decision. The types of insurance are as follows:
General Insurance:
In general insurance, one can include property insurance, any other form of insurance along with liability insurance. Whereas the Fire and Marine insurance are the ones that fall in the category of Property insurance. There are other types of insurance that you can get such as Motor, Theft, and Machine insurances are dealt with under the umbrella of liability insurance to an extent. If we talk about the strictest form of liability insurance then it is the fidelity insurance, in case of liability insurance, the insurer pays on the behalf of the insured, the insured is compensated whenever there is a liability on him such as payment to a third party.
Liability Insurance:
As we have mentioned above that the liability insurance is the general insurance, where you have this guarantee that the insurer will be paying the damages or compensation on your behalf to a third party, in case you have cause any damage to a property, loss, injury or death. There are some other types of insurance that fall under this category and which are fidelity insurance, machine insurance, and automobile insurance.
Social Insurance:
This is one of the insurance policies that are specially designed for providing protection to the weaker sections of the society, the ones who are not able to pay the premium amounts for the adequate insurance policies, pension plans, any other benefits such as the disability, unemployment benefits.
Guarantee Insurance:
This type of insurance policy covers the loss that takes place due to dishonesty, disloyalty, and disappearance of the second party or of the employees. The party who is involved in this type of insurance must be the party to a contract. The failure of a party can cause loss to the first party. This type of insurance can be explained with the help of an illustration. Let’s take an example of export insurance, in case of such insurance the insurer will be compensating you for the loss at the failure of importers, for instance, they failed to pay the amount of debt.
Top Life Insurance Companies in India 2020
By buying a life insurance policy, the insurance company promises you to pay the sum assured as claim amount, in the event of the death of the insured within the policy term or at the maturity of the policy (whichever occurs earlier). For life insurance policies that offer pure risk cover such as term insurance plan, your family will receive the life cover amount. For other life insurance policies like an endowment, money back, lips, etc., you will receive the life cover amount or maturity benefit, depends on the earlier occurrence of the event.
When it comes to the settlement of death claims, the members of your family or nominee will have to approach the insurance company and intimate them about your death and provide them the duly filled death claim form. In order to ensure smooth and quick claims settlement, you need to check the Claim Settlement Ratio (CSR) of life insurance companies.
Top 10 Life Insurance Companies in 2020
The top life insurance companies mentioned below are based on the claim settlement ratio of the respective companies.
1. Max Life Insurance
Max Life Insurance is a joint venture of Max financial services Ltd. and Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Co. Ltd. Max Life Insurance Company offers comprehensive life insurance solutions to meet the long-term savings and protection to over 30 Lakh customers. It has a diversified distribution model, including agents, advisors, bancassurance, and other allied partners. Max Life has the highest claim settlement ratio of 98.74% in FY 2018-19.
2. Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)
Life Insurance Corporation (LIC) is the only public sector life insurance company offering a variety of life insurance products such as insurance plans, pension plans, unit-linked plans, special plans, and group schemes. LIC has secured over 250 million lives with its varying life insurance solutions. It has a claim settlement ratio of 97.79% in FY 2018-19.
3. Tata AIA Life
Tata AIA Life Insurance Company is a joint venture of Tata Group and AIA Group Ltd. The company commenced its insurance business in the year 2001 and since then, it is offering life insurance products such as protection, savings, and wealth solutions to individuals and corporate customers. Tata AIA has a wide distribution channel including agents, brokers, bancassurance, and direct channels. Tata AIA Life has a claim settlement ratio of 99.07% in FY 2018-19.
4. ICICI Prudential Life
ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company is a joint venture between ICICI Bank and Prudential plc. ICICI Bank has 74% stakeholding and Prudential Plc holds a 26% stake in the joint venture. ICICI Prudential Life Insurance offers a wide range of products such as terms, health, ULIP, savings, and retirement plans to cater to the insurance needs of the customers. ICICI Prudential Life has a claim settlement ratio of 98.58% in FY 2018-19.
5. HDFC Life
HDFC Life Insurance Company is a result of a joint venture between Housing Development Finance Corporation Ltd and Standard Life plc. HDFC ltd owns 70.65% shareholding and the remaining 26% of shares are held by Standard Life. HDFC Life offers a range of life insurance products including term insurance, health cover, pension, child plans, saving, and investment plans. HDFC Life has a claim settlement ratio of 99.04% in FY 2018-19.
6. Bharti AXA Life
Bharti AXA Life Insurance is a joint venture between Bharti Group (India’s leading business group) and AXA Group (leader in insurance, investment & other financial services). Bharti holds 51% shareholding and AXA owns a 49% stake. Bharti AXA Life offers an innovative range of insurance products including protection plans, health, savings, investment plans, and many others. Bharti AXA Life has a claim settlement ratio of 97.28% in FY 2018-19.
7. Exide Life
Exide Life Insurance Company started the insurance business in the year 2001-02. The company is completely owned by Exide Industries Limited. Exide Life has multiple channels to distribute its insurance products via agents, brokers, bancassurance, direct channel, and online. The company has 200+ offices across the country along with 45,000+ advisors ensuring a wide reach to the customers. Exide Life has a claim settlement ratio of 97.03% in FY 2018-19.
8. SBI Life
SBI Life is a result of a joint venture between State Bank of India (largest banker in India) and BNP Paribas Cardiff (a leading global insurer). SBI holds the majority stake of 74% and PNB Paribas owns a 26% stake. SBI Life offers a multitude of individual and group insurance plans including protection, money back, child, investment, retirement, and savings plans. SBI Life has a claim settlement ratio of 95.o3% in FY 2018-19.
9. Pramerica Life
Pramerica Life Insurance Company comes into existence with a joint venture between Prudential International Insurance Holdings Ltd (a fully owned subsidiary of Prudential Financial). DPLI has 144 branches across India, 3143 employees, 4710.574 Crores Asset under Management, and more than 20 million lives secured as on 31st August 2019. Pramerica Life has a claim settlement ratio of 96.80% in FY 2018-19.
10. Aditya Birla Sun Life
Aditya Birla Sun Life Insurance Company is a joint venture between Aditya Birla Group (a multinational conglomerate) and Sun Life Financial Inc (a renowned Canada-based international financial services company). The company commenced its insurance business in the year 2000. Aditya Birla Sun Life offers protection, wealth with protection, health, child cover, retirement, and savings plans. Aditya Birla Sun Life has a claim settlement ratio of 97.15% in FY 2018-19.
Note: The insurance companies mentioned above are based on the high claim settlement ratio extracted from IRDAI Annual Report for FY 2018-19. to know all Life Insurance companies claim settlement Ratio for FY 2018-19
Top 10 Health Insurance Companies in India 2020
In order to guide customers while buying health insurance, the Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) has been coming out with a list of best health companies every year. Both General Insurers (private and public) and Specialized Health Insurance companies are authorized to offer health plans to the customers. Based on the performances with regards to companies’ Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) and their overall financial standing, the top 10 Health Insurance Companies of India are as follows:
1. HDFC ERGO Health Insurance Limited
HDFC ERGO Health Insurance Limited (formerly, Apollo Munich Health Insurance) is a Joint Venture of HDFC Ltd and ERGO International AG. It has an impressive Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 63% for the financial year 2018-19, and it has brought innovations like lifetime renewals and portability benefits of the existing policies.
2. Star Health & Allied Insurance Company Limited
Star Health & Allied Insurance Company is a joint venture between Oman Health Insurance Company, ETA Ascon Group and a few veterans of the country boasts of an Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 63% for FY 2018-19. The company has an in-house TPA to deal with cashless facility seamlessly while also coming up with exciting products like Diabetes Safe (for diabetic patients) and Star NetPlus (for HIV+ patients).
3. Max Bupa Health Insurance Company Limited
Max Bupa Health Insurance Company is a joint venture between Max India Limited and Bupa Group brought into existence in 2010. The latest ICR for this health care company stands at 54% for FY 2018-19 and offers enrollment to its policies for citizens of all age groups.
4. SBI General Insurance Company Limited
SBI General Insurance Co. Ltd comes with a joint venture of State Bank of India and Insurance Australia Group (IAG). SBI General has a wide presence in over 23,000 branches of State Bank Group. It covers over 110 cities across India along with over 350 locations through satellite resources. It has an Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 72% for FY 2018-19.
5. Religare Health Insurance Company Limited
Religare Health Insurance Company is a joint venture between Religare Enterprises Limited, Union Bank of India, and Corporation Bank that was launched in 2012. However, in a short period of time, it has shown tremendous growth and made a mark in the insurance sector with an Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) of 55% for FY 2018-19. It is being promoted by the founders of Fortis Hospitals.
6. ManipalCigna Health Insurance Company Limited
Manipal Cigna Health Insurance Company is a comparatively new player in the Indian insurance sector being launched only in 2014 and has immediately become part of the best health insurance companies in India. It’s Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) for 2018-19 stands at an impressive figure of 62% that is a no mean feat considering it’s so new to the market.
7. Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company Limited
Bajaj Allianz General Insurance Company is a joint venture between Bajaj Finserv Limited and Allianz SE has some health products up its sleeve. The three major products are Health Guard, Silver Health, and Star Package. Bajaj has the distinction of being the first company to provide captive TPA with certain efficiencies. Its Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) is 69% for 2018-19.
8. New India Assurance Company Limited
New India Assurance Company is a fully owned company by the government of India has been in operations since 1919 and is most famous for its Mediclaim policy. The most unique feature of this health insurance policy is that it provides a differential rating for major metros in comparison to other locations. The latest Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) for FY 2018-19 is 95.39% that might be on the higher side, but it covers up for any losses or deficiencies from other insurance products.
9. Oriental Insurance Company Limited
Oriental Insurance Company is a public sector general insurance company that offers a number of health insurance products. The best part about this insurer is that it doesn’t require a medical examination of the prospective customers up to the age of 60 years, while other companies press for medical examinations for everyone over 45 years of age. Its Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) stands at 106.10% as per IRDAI annual report for FY 2018-19.
10. National Insurance Company Limited
National Insurance Company is a fully government-owned general insurance company that is more than 100 years old and also provides health insurance coverage. Its Incurred Claims Ratio (ICR) is 109.94% for 2018-19, but it covers up its losses with other insurance products in various other categories. The most popular health product offered by the company is Varishtha Mediclaim for senior citizens.
Hope this information was useful for you. Find out about various plans being offered by these General insurance companies in India and buy a health insurance policy for you and your family, now!
Note: Latest IRDA Incurred Claims Ratio for FY 2018-19 of General Insurance Companies in India.
What Is Insurance?
Insurance is a contract, represented by a policy, in which an individual or entity receives financial protection or reimbursement against losses from an insurance company. The company pools clients' risks to make payments more affordable for the insured.

Insurance policies are used to hedge against the risk of financial losses, both big and small, that may result from damage to the insured or her property, or from liability for damage or injury caused to a third party.
How Insurance Works
There is a multitude of different types of insurance policies available, and virtually any individual or business can find an insurance company willing to insure them—for a price. The most common types of personal insurance policies are auto, health, homeowners, and life. Most individuals in the United States have at least one of these types of insurance, and car insurance is required by law.

Businesses require special types of insurance policies that insure against specific types of risks faced by a particular business. For example, a fast-food restaurant needs a policy that covers damage or injury that occurs as a result of cooking with a deep fryer. An auto dealer is not subject to this type of risk but does require coverage for damage or injury that could occur during test drives.

There are also insurance policies available for very specific needs, such as kidnap and ransom (K&R), medical malpractice, and professional liability insurance, also known as errors and omissions insurance.
Insurance Policy Components
When choosing a policy, it is important to understand how insurance works.

A firm understanding of these concepts goes a long way in helping you choose the policy that best suits your needs. There are three components (premium, policy limit, and deductible) to most insurance policies that are crucial.

Premium
A policy's premium is its price, typically expressed as a monthly cost. The premium is determined by the insurer based on your or your business's risk profile, which may include creditworthiness.

For example, if you own several expensive automobiles and have a history of reckless driving, you will likely pay more for an auto policy than someone with a single mid-range sedan and a perfect driving record. However, different insurers may charge different premiums for similar policies. So finding the price that is right for you requires some legwork.

Policy Limit
The policy limit is the maximum amount an insurer will pay under a policy for a covered loss. Maximums may be set per period (e.g., annual or policy term), per loss or injury, or over the life of the policy, also known as the lifetime maximum.

Typically, higher limits carry higher premiums. For a general life insurance policy, the maximum amount the insurer will pay is referred to as the face value, which is the amount paid to a beneficiary upon the death of the insured.

Deductible
The deductible is a specific amount the policy-holder must pay out-of-pocket before the insurer pays a claim. Deductibles serve as deterrents to large volumes of small and insignificant claims.

Deductibles can apply per-policy or per-claim depending on the insurer and the type of policy. Policies with very high deductibles are typically less expensive because the high out-of-pocket expense generally results in fewer small claims.

Special Considerations
With regard to health insurance, people who have chronic health issues or need regular medical attention should look for policies with lower deductibles.

Though the annual premium is higher than a comparable policy with a higher deductible, less expensive access to medical care throughout the year may be worth the trade-off.
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What are the principal types of life insurance?
There are two major types of life insurance—term and whole life. Whole life is sometimes called permanent life insurance, and it encompasses several subcategories, including traditional whole life, universal life, variable life, and variable universal life. In 2016, about 4.3 million individual life insurance policies bought were term and about 6.4 million were whole life, according to the American Council of Life Insurers.

Life insurance products for groups are different from life insurance sold to individuals. The information below focuses on life insurance sold to individuals.

Term
Term Insurance is the simplest form of life insurance. It pays only if death occurs during the term of the policy, which is usually from one to 30 years. Most term policies have no other benefit provisions.

There are two basic types of term life insurance policies: level term and decreasing term.

Level term means that the death benefit stays the same throughout the duration of the policy.
Decreasing term means that the death benefit drops, usually in one-year increments, over the course of the policy’s term.
In 2003, virtually all (97 percent) of the term life insurance bought was level term.

For more on the different types of term life insurance, click here.

Whole life/permanent
Whole life or permanent insurance pays a death benefit whenever you die—even if you live to 100! There are three major types of whole life or permanent life insurance—traditional whole life, universal life, and variable universal life, and there are variations within each type.

In the case of traditional whole life, both the death benefit and the premium are designed to stay the same (level) throughout the life of the policy. The cost per $1,000 of benefit increases as the insured person ages, and it obviously gets very high when the insured lives to 80 and beyond. The insurance company could charge a premium that increases each year, but that would make it very hard for most people to afford life insurance at advanced ages. So the company keeps the premium level by charging a premium that, in the early years, is higher than what’s needed to pay claims, investing that money, and then using it to supplement the level premium to help pay the cost of life insurance for older people.

By law, when these “overpayments” reach a certain amount, they must be available to the policyholder as a cash value if he or she decides not to continue with the original plan. The cash value is an alternative, not an additional, benefit under the policy.

In the 1970s and 1980s, life insurance companies introduced two variations on the traditional whole life product—universal life insurance and variable universal life insurance. For more on the different types of whole life/permanent insurance, click here.
How to choose the best life insurance company for you
Though we have done thorough research for you, we recommend doing your own research to select a life insurance company that is best suited for your individual needs. Here are some things to look for when choosing the best life insurance company for you:

Ask for recommendations: Often, the best reference is word of mouth. Ask your friends and family for recommendations on the top life insurance companies they have had positive experiences with.
Look at customer satisfaction ratings: You can visit the J.D. Power website to review its customer satisfaction ratings for life insurance companies. Companies will be ranked based on their overall score and then given a Power Circle Rating between 2 and 5 circles. We recommend looking at those who received Power Circle Ratings of 3-5.
Look at financial stability: We recommend looking at a company’s financial stability. You can do this on the AM Best website. However, some companies, like MetLife, are not rated there. MetLife was rated by a different agency, Demotech, and received a great financial stability rating. A company with inferior financial stability may leave you high and dry when it comes time to pay out claims. It is important to have the assurance of strong financial stability.
Look at customer reviews: We used Consumer Affairs and the Better Business Bureau, but there are other sites available that will include customer reviews. We recommend ignoring the outlier reviews and focusing on the average. What did the average person say about the company you’re considering? Are the things they complained about things that are important to you? For example, if someone made a complaint that the company does not offer a mobile app but a mobile app isn’t important to you, do not consider that review in your assessment.
Get life insurance quotes: Always compare prices so you know if what you’ve found is the best life insurance policy at a competitive price. We recommend getting at least three quotes from different life insurance companies before making your final choice.
Ask questions: When in doubt, ask the insurance agent. Do not hesitate to ask detailed questions about the coverage you’ve been quoted. It will be important to you and to your agent that you thoroughly understand your coverage and obligations.
BRK.A, PNGAY, and AXAHY lead the 10 biggest insurance companies list
Insurance companies provide risk management to individuals, businesses, and institutional clients through contracts. Although there is a multitude of different types of insurance companies, the basic principle is that the insurer guarantees payment or reimbursement in the event of losses for the insured. Thanks to pooled risk, insurers historically have been able to offer clients affordable rates in many cases. Insurance companies offer policies offering coverage for losses related to accidents, health, property, homeownership, professional liability, malpractice, and casualty, among other areas.
These are the 10 biggest insurance companies by 12-month trailing revenue. This list is limited to companies that are publicly traded in the U.S. or Canada, either directly or through ADRs. Some companies outside the U.S. report profits semi-annually instead of quarterly, so the 12-month trailing data may be older than it is for companies that report quarterly. Data is courtesy of YCharts.com. All figures as of August 3, 2020.
Some of the stocks below are only traded over-the-counter (OTC) in the U.S., not on exchanges. Trading OTC stocks often carry higher trading costs than trading stocks on exchanges. This can lower or even outweigh potential returns.

#1 Berkshire Hathaway (BRK.A) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $237.2 billion
Net Income (TTM): $10.0 billion
Market Cap: $475.7 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -4.9%
Exchange: New York Stock Exchange
Berkshire Hathaway Inc. is a major conglomerate and one of the nation's premier insurance companies, also owning businesses in sectors such as rail transportation, utilities and energy, manufacturing, services, and retailing. Berkshire provides primary insurance, as well as reinsurance of property and casualty risks through companies such as GEICO, Berkshire Hathaway Reinsurance Group, Berkshire Hathaway Primary Group, General Re, National Indemnity Company and others. Berkshire Hathaway Specialty Insurance (www.bhspecialty.com) provides commercial property, casualty, healthcare professional liability, executive and professional lines, surety, travel, programs, medical stop-loss, and homeowners insurance.

#2 Ping An Insurance (Group) Co. of China Ltd. (PNGAY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $144.8 billion
Net Income (TTM): $18.7 billion
Market Cap: $194.0 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -7.5%
Exchange: OTC
Ping An Insurance is involved primarily in insurance, financial services, and banking. It is one of the top 50 companies listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange. Founded in 1988, it was China's first joint-stock insurance company. Its subsidiaries include Ping An Life, Ping An Property & Casualty, Ping An Annuity, and Ping An Health, among many others. Ping An routinely partners with major insurance companies in the United States as a reinsurer to ensure US companies' business globally. In this service line, Ping An covers losses occurring in China or on a global basis, including losses in the United States.

#3 AXA SA (AXAHY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $139.5 billion
Net Income (TTM): $4.3 billion
Market Cap: $48.2 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -17.2%
Exchange: OTC
AXA is one of the world's leading insurance groups with major businesses in property and casualty insurance, life insurance, savings, and asset management. Several insurance companies merged to create AXA in the 1990s. It does business in all major global markets. The Personal Health plan by Axa includes a number of benefits as standard, with the option to add a further cover to enhance your health insurance policy, including the out-patient cover. Axa's standard health insurance policy covers Heart and cancer care, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy. ... Out-patient surgery.
#4 China Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (LFC) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $105.6 billion
Net Income (TTM): $8.4 billion
Market Cap: $64.9 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -6.3%
Exchange: New York Stock Exchange
China Life Insurance is one of the mainland's largest state-owned insurance and financial services companies, as well as a key player in the Chinese capital market as an institutional investor. The company was founded in 1949, the year that the People's Republic of China was founded. The company today has numerous subsidiaries spread across life insurance, pension plans, asset management, property and casualty, and investment holdings. China Life Insurance Company Limited is a Beijing-based China-incorporated company that provides life insurance and annuity products. China Life is ranked No. 94 on Fortune 2015 Global 500 Company list. China Life, which is 70% state-owned, is the biggest life insurer in China but is coming off a few rocky years.
#5 Allianz SE (ALLIANZ) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $101.2 billion
Net Income (TTM): $8.2 billion
Market Cap: $85.9 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -13.4%
Exchange: OTC
Allianz is a leading global financial services company, providing products and services from insurance to asset management. It offers insurance products ranging from property and casualty policies to health and life insurance for corporate and individual customers. The company is headquartered in Germany. Allianz is a good company that pays as outlined. Allianz has been good to me for more than 5 years. My money is safe from market losses and I really like the growth, bonuses, and income benefits. I've never paid a fee or had an issue with access to my money or information.
Top 50 Insurance Companies
Below are the top 50 insurance companies and best insurance companies in the United States ranked by total assets. Metlife is the largest insurer in the U.S. based on assets and direct premiums written. The company offers a wide array of insurance products and services including life and health insurance, accident insurance, auto insurance, home insurance as well as annuities and retirement and savings products. Prudential, based in Newark, is the second-largest insurance company in America with total assets of $812.6 billion, $3.7 trillion of gross life insurance in force, and more than 49,000 employees.

#6 Prudential PLC (PUK) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $93.7 billion
Net Income (TTM): $0.8 billion
Market Cap: $37.8 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -17.2%
Exchange: New York Stock Exchange
Prudential PLC is a London-based insurance and investment services company offering products ranging from life, health, accident, property, and casualty policies to pensions, equity plans, mortgages, and other financial services. Prudential also caters to customers in all major global markets, including in the U.K., its home market. Prudential has operations in the United States, Asia, Europe, and Latin America and has organized its principal operations into the Financial Services Businesses and the Closed Block Business. Prudential is composed of hundreds of subsidiaries and holds more than $4 trillion of life insurance.

#7 Aviva PLC (AVVIY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $90.6 billion
Net Income (TTM): $3.3 billion
Market Cap: $13.8 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -27.1%
Exchange: OTC
U.K.-based Aviva PLC is an international insurance company offering transport, aviation, marine, fire, motor, and life insurance products, as well as a range of financial services. Its UK Life business and General Insurance business are leaders in their home market in the U.K. However, on Aviva's website there are over 800 reviews rating AvivaPlus at 4.7 out of 5. On Feefo the company as a whole has an average score of 4.6 from more than 2,750 reviews. On Trustpilot, it scores 1.3 out of 10 based on over 850 reviews. What does Aviva Car Insurance cover? Our car insurance covers you against the cost of accidents and damage. You can choose from our comprehensive or third party, fire, and theft insurance.
#8 Assicurazioni Generali (ARZGY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $86.9 billion
Net Income (TTM): $1.8 billion
Market Cap: $24.9 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -12.7%
Exchange: OTC
Headquartered in Italy, Assicurazioni Generali is an international insurance provider. The company offers a variety of life, non-life, and reinsurance products. While a large portion of Assicurazioni Generali's business is in Europe, it has a growing presence in Asia and Latin America. Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A. or simply Generali Group is an Italian insurance company, the largest in Italy and third in the world. It has its headquarters in Trieste. In 2010, the Assicurazioni Generali Group was the second-largest insurance group in the world by revenue after AXA.

#9 Legal & General Group PLC (LGGNY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $85.9 billion
Net Income (TTM): $2.4 billion
Market Cap: $16.8 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -4.0%
Exchange: OTC
Legal & General Group is a London-based financial service and the insurance company. With a worldwide customer base, the company provides a range of asset management, retirement, savings, and general insurance products. Legal & General life insurance summary In 2019, Legal & General paid out 97% of life insurance claims and 92% of critical illness claims. Life insurance automatically includes Terminal Illness cover, while Critical Illness cover can be added for an additional cost.
#10 The People's Insurance Co. (Group) of China Ltd. (PINXY) Insurance
Revenue (TTM): $76.4 billion
Net Income (TTM): $3.2 billion
Market Cap: $14.7 billion
1-Year Trailing Total Return: -17.7%
Exchange: OTC
With the Chinese central government as its controlling shareholder, The People's Insurance Co. operates a number of subsidiaries that provide property, life, pension, and health insurance products, as well as reinsurance and various other offerings. The company also offers asset management services. The People's Insurance Company of China Limited, known as PICC Group or just PICC, is a Chinese listed insurer. The Chinese Central Government is the controlling shareholder. The group contains the major subsidiaries: PICC Asset Management, PICC Life as well as PICC Property and Casualty.
Life insurance In Australia
Life covers and chooses your option. This is only a summary. To take a combination of terms, conditions, limitations, definitions, exclusions, waiting periods, exclusion periods, and covers, please see the Product Disclosure Statement.
Life cover Insurance Details
Life cover is also known as life insurance or death cover. It is a way to protect your family's financial future. $ 1.5 million covers depending on your age $ 15,000 funeral advancement included within the cover 2 people insured on the same policy Diagnoses terminal illness where death is likely within 12 months 10. Profit increases every year to stay ahead of inflation. The Critical Illness Cover is also known as the Trauma Cover and pays a lump sum 5 benefits if Life Insurance suffers one of the defined Critical Illness events 5 *. $ 500,000 cover depending on your age Cover for 14 critical illnesses as defined 5 Profit increases every year to stay ahead of inflation.
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Unable to cover work permanently and also known as Total Disability (TPD) cover *. $ 1.5 million covers depending on your age Lump-sum payment if you are unlikely to work again due to illness or injury 6 Profit increases every year to stay ahead of inflation
What is Life insurance?
Life Insurance is a contract, represented by a policy, in which an individual or institution receives financial protection or reimbursement against losses from the insurance company. The company controls customer risks to make payments more affordable for insureds. Life Insurance policies are used against the risk of financial loss, both large and small, which may result in damage to the insured or his property, or from liability for damage or injury to a third party.
How insurance work
There is a multitude of different types of insurance policies available, and virtually any person or business can set out to find an insurance company - for a price. The most common types of personal insurance policies are auto, health, homeowners, and life. Most individuals in the United States have at least one type of insurance, and car insurance is required by law.
Insurance is a contract in which one insurer condemns another against losses from specific contingencies and/or hazards. There are many types of insurance policies. The most common forms of life, health, homeownership, and auto insurance are. The main components that make up most insurance policies are deductible, policy limit, and premium.

Businesses require special types of insurance policies, which insure specific types of risks faced by a particular business. For example, fast-food restaurants require a policy that covers damage or injury resulting from cooking with a deep fryer. An auto dealer is not subject to this type of risk but requires coverage for damage or injury that may occur during a test drive.
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Disaster protection Riders
Riders are the extra highlights of any auto insurance price quotes protection plan that gives extra monetary inclusion to the policyholder. Riders are the advancements of the protection business that points in redoing the protection plans to the degree which is conceivable while keeping a standard base arrangement accessible. Essentially, riders give additional hazard assurance; thus the guaranteed needs auto insurance price quotes to pay an additional premium for it. Generally, the riders are purchased alongside the base protection plan and can't be included later. The riders are discretionary, it gives unadulterated hazard inclusion and that is the reason they don't have any sparing and venture components.
Famous life coverage Riders are:-
Basic Illness Rider:- Major basic ailments are secured under the approach, for example, malignant growth, the disappointment of kidneys, cardiovascular failure, trance-like state, loss of motion, and so on. Make a point to experience the ailments secured as various organizations offer various sicknesses spread. Inadvertent Death Benefit Rider:- If the policyholder kicks the bucket in a mishap, this rider advantage alongside the aggregate guaranteed Clinic Cash Rider:- During hospitalization, a fixed aggregate of cash is payable on the per-day reason for cost charges of the medical clinic. The base and most extreme aggregate guaranteed advantage sum alongside the conditions of the strategy may change from guarantor to back up plan.
How To Choose The Best Life Insurance Policy?
Since there are different plans offered by the disaster protection organizations with numerous advantages, it is extremely confounding to choose the best arrangement from various choices to bamboozle the inclusion at a reasonable premium. Here are a portion of the focuses to recall while wanting to buy an arrangement: Life insurance is also known as term life insurance or death cover. It provides a lump sum payment (subject to conditions) if the life insured dies or discovers a terminal illness where death is likely to occur within 12 months. Life insurance is a way to protect the financial future of your loved ones if you were not around to provide for them. This can help your family cover debts and living expenses at a time when they need it most. You must be 16 to 65 years of age to apply for life insurance. As long as you pay your premiums, we guarantee to renew your cover until the policy anniversary after your 99th birthday, even if there is no change in your health status.
1. What is insurance?
Insurance is a legal agreement between two parties i.e. the insurance company (insurer) and the individual (insured). In this, the insurance company promises to reduce the insured's losses in case of the insured contingency. The contingency is an event that causes harm. This could be the death of the policyholder or loss/destruction of property. This is called a contingency because there is uncertainty regarding the event. The insured pays the premium in return for the promise made by the insurer.
Life insurance
As the name suggests, life insurance is your life insurance. You purchase life insurance to ensure that your dependents are financially protected in the event of your untimely demise. Life insurance is especially important if you are the sole breadwinner for your family or if your family is very much dependent on your income. Under life insurance, the policyholder's family is financially compensated in the event of the termination of the policyholder during the term of the policy.
health insurance
Health insurance is purchased to cover medical costs for the expensive treatment. A variety of health insurance policies cover a range of illnesses and illnesses. You can buy general health insurance policies as well as policies for specific diseases. The premium paid for a health insurance policy usually covers the cost of treatment, hospitalization, and medication.
Car insurance
In today's world, car insurance is an important policy for every car owner. This insurance protects you from any untoward incident like accidents. Some policies also compensate for damage to your car during natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes. It also includes third party liability where you have to pay damages to other vehicle owners.
Education insurance
Child education insurance is a life insurance policy specifically designed as a savings tool. Education insurance can be a great way to provide a lump sum when your child reaches the age of higher education and gets admission to college (18 years and over). This fund can be used to pay for your child's higher education expenses. Under this insurance, the child is the life insurer or recipient of the funds, while the foster / legal guardian is the owner of the policy. You can estimate the amount of money for the higher education of your children using the education plan calculator.
2. How does insurance work?
The insurer and the insured receive a legal contract for insurance, called an insurance policy. The insurance policy contains details about the conditions and circumstances under which the insurance company will pay the sum assured to the insured person or nominee.

Insurance is a way to protect yourself and your family from financial loss. Generally, the premium is very low in terms of money paid for a large insurance cover. The insurance company risks providing a higher cover for smaller premiums because very few insured people actually claim insurance. This is why you get insurance for a large amount at a low cost.

Any person or company can take insurance from the insurance company, but the decision to provide insurance is at the discretion of the insurance company. The insurance company will evaluate the claim application to make a decision. Typically, insurance companies refuse to provide insurance to high-risk applicants.
3. What type of insurance is available in India?
Insurance in India can be broadly divided into three categories:
Home insurance
We all dream of owning our own homes. Home insurance can help cover damage or damage to your home due to accidents such as fires and other natural disasters or hazards. Home insurance includes other examples such as lightning, earthquake, etc.
4. What are the tax benefits on insurance?
Apart from the safety and security benefits of buying insurance, there are income tax benefits that you can take advantage of. Life insurance premiums up to Rs 1.5 lakh can be claimed as tax-saving deduction under Section 80C
Medical insurance
Medical Insurance up to 25,000 for yourself and your family and up to ₹ 25,000 for your parents can be claimed as a tax-saving deduction under Section 80D These claims are to be made at the time of e-filing income tax return.
REDUCE YOUR HOME LOAN INTEREST
Start by choosing a shorter repayment term. Whenever you have a surplus, prepay, reduce interest by refinancing with Bajaj Finserv. Increase your EMI payments annually to reduce the interest rate Paying off a home loan can be a lengthy process, as you can choose a tenure of up to 20 years. Therefore, if not done properly, the EMI of a home loan can reduce your monthly budget for a long time to come. To reduce the burden, you can find ways to reduce your home loan interest. The two most important things to keep in mind is to find the right lender that offers you the lowest interest in the market and ensure that your lender offers you an MCLR-linked interest rate, which reflects the lowest prices very quickly. Huh. Apart from these two points, here are 4 tips to help reduce your home loan interest.
HELPING SMALL BUSINESSES GET LOANS
Canada's Small Business Financing Program makes it easy for small businesses to obtain loans from financial institutions by sharing risk with lenders. Over the past 10 years, small businesses have received more than $ 9.5 billion in asset-based financing, representing more than 63,000 loans. Who are eligible Small businesses or start-ups operating for profit in Canada, with a total annual income of $ 10 million or less? Eligible under this program is not agribusiness (for a similar program for the farming industry, visit www.agr.gc.ca), not for profit organizations, or charitable and religious organizations.
HOW MUCH FINANCING IS AVAILABLE?
Up to a maximum of $ 1,000,000 for any one borrower, of which no more than $ 350,000 may be used for leasehold improvements or leased property improvements or for the purchase or improvement of new or used equipment. How do I apply for a loan? Financial institutions distribute programs and are solely responsible for approving loans. Discuss the needs of your business with a financial officer in any bank, cashew populator, or credit union in Canada. The financial officer will review your business proposal and decide on your loan application. Once it is decided to offer financing under the program, the financial institution will disregard the funds and register the loan with Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada. (Find a lender near you)
CAN BE FINANCED?
The loan can be used to meet the following costs: Purchase or improvement of land or buildings used for commercial purposes Purchase or improvement of new or used equipment Purchase of new or existing leasehold improvements, ie, renovation of a property leased by a tenant, For example, you can use debt to finance: commercial vehicles Hotel or Restaurant Equipment Computer or telecommunications equipment and software production equipment Cost Eligible to Purchase a Franchise You cannot use the loan for finance items like Credit working capital The list franchise fee research and development What are the costs? The interest rate is determined by your financial institution and can be variable or fixed.
VARIABLE-RATE LOANS
The prime lending rate of the maximum chargeable lender is 3%. Fixed-Rate: The lender is a single-family residential mortgage rate for a term of 3% of the maximum chargeable loan. A registration fee of 2% of the total amount borrowed under the program should also be paid by the borrower to the lender. It can be financed as part of the loan. A portion of the registration fee and interest is presented to the Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada by the lender to help the government offset the costs of the program. What are the financing conditions? Financed assets require lenders to take security. Lenders also have the option of taking an additional unsecured personal guarantee. For more information, please contact your financial institution (find a lender near you). This program is administered by the Directorate of Small Business Finance. Contact us for more information.
WHAT IS A PERSONAL LOAN?
A personal loan is a type of unsecured loan and helps you to meet your current financial needs. You generally do not need to pledge any security or collateral while availing a personal loan and your lender provides you with the facility to use the funds as required. It can serve as your solution for managing your travel costs and wedding expenses, as well as the expenses of a medical emergency, home renovation, debt consolidation, and more. Bajaj Finserv offers India's fastest personal loan with instant approval and disbursement within just 24 hours. Know your personal loan eligibility, use a personal loan EMI calculator, and apply for a personal loan in just four easy steps! Think about it. Done with Bajaj Finserv.
WHAT IS A BUSINESS LOAN
A business loan is a loan given exclusively for business purposes. [1] As with all loans, this includes the creation of a loan, which will be repaid with additional interest. There are a variety of business loans including bank loans, mezzanine financing, asset-based financing, invoice financing, microloans, business cash advances, and cash flow loans. [2] Content 1 type 1.1 Bank loan 1.2 SBA Loans 1.3 Mezzanine Finance 1.4 Asset Based Finance 1.5 Invoice Finance 1.6 Microloans 1.7 Online Lender 2 secured and unsecured business loans 2.1 Personal Guarantee 3 references type Bank loan See also: Loans A bank loan can be obtained from a bank and can be either secured or unsecured. For secured loans, banks will require collateral, which can be lost if repayment is not made. Banks likely want to look at business accounts, balance sheets, and business plans, as well as study the principal's credit history. Many small businesses are now turning to alternative finance providers, especially in the case of small companies. [3] Loans from credit unions can also be referred to as bank loans. Business loans from credit unions received the second-highest level of satisfaction from borrowers after loans from small banks. [4]
SBA LOANS
The US Small Business Administration (SBA) does not offer loans; Instead, it guarantees loans made by individual lenders. The main SBA loan programs are SBA 7 (A) which includes both Standard and Express options; Microlone (up to $ 50,000); 504 loans that provide financing for real estate such as real estate or equipment; And disaster loans. In FY 2016, a total of 7 (a) amounts to $ 11,967,861,900 and a total of 504 debt amounts to $ 2,517,433,000. [5]
MEZZANINE FINANCE
Main article: Mezzanine Capital Mezzanine finance effectively secures a company's debt on its equity, allowing the lender to claim part-ownership of the business if the loan is not repaid on time and in full. [4] This allows the business to borrow without other collateral, but risks reducing the principal's equity stake in case of default.
ASSET-BASED FINANCE
Main article: Asset-based lending Once a finance option is considered as a last resort, asset-based lending has become a popular option for small businesses that lack a credit rating or track record to qualify for other forms of finance. [of] In simple terms, this involves borrowing against one of the company's assets, with the lender focusing on the company's credit rating and the quality of the collateral rather than the prospects. A business can borrow against many different types of assets, including premises, plants, stocks or receivables.
INVOICE FINANCE
Main article: Invoice Waiver and Factoring (Finance) In recent years, it has become increasingly difficult for SMEs to obtain traditional finance from banks. Alternative options are invoice discounting or factoring, whereby the company borrows against its outstanding invoices, with the ability to receive funds as soon as new invoices are created. It is often asked which option is best for your business - factoring or discounting - and the answer depends on how the business wants to be perceived by customers. [citation needed] With factoring, the finance company charges interest on the loan until invoiced. Payments, as well as fees, and the finance company take ownership of the debtor ledger and use their credit control team to secure the payment. With an invoice waiver, the business controls its own ledger and chases loans. MICROCREDIT Small loans, usually for loan amounts of $ 100,000 USD or less, are called "microloans". Banks are less likely to reduce these loans than alternative lenders. When they do, the decision is usually based on the business's personal credit score and/or business credit score. [decision]
ONLINE LENDER
The number of online lenders offering small business lending has increased. Online alternative lenders generated an estimated $ 12 billion in small business loans in 2014, with unsecured consumer loans accounting for $ 7 billion and small business loans of about $ 5 billion. [8] Nonbank lenders who make small business loans have doubled their outstanding portfolio balance every year since 2000. [9] Some originate loans online from their own capital. Others may use the "marketplace" model, in which they match lenders' loans to products from different types of lenders. Popular business lending products lending online include term loans, lines of credit, and merchant cash advances. Others use crowdfunding platforms that allow businesses to raise capital from a wide variety of sources.

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